13用英语怎么写写 藏族人民万岁

黄南藏族自治州同仁县热贡艺术研究(英文)
1.Iniroduetion The renowned Rego嗯Arr住门’洲《‘粤’苦冈,)has long been enjoying great prestige both at home and abroad beeause of its erhie and religious eultural heritage in the TOngren County(甩气.段气‘胃只.{)of Huangnan Tibetan Auronomous prefeeture.Attraeted byi,5 beauty and fame,the author earried our sire visits in the Tiberan monasreries and studied the produetion of the Thangka(日《’月1)in the region onM邓2009.This report foeus...&
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权威出处:
一、唐卡绘画及其特点唐卡是一种布面彩绘的绘画即卷轴画(藏语译音为唐卡),是一种便于悬挂,易于收藏的画种,用彩缎装裱而成的绘画艺术。它是藏民族的传统民间艺术和佛教文化的高度结合,具有千姿百态的生活风情和雪域高原地方特色,具有浓厚的宗教意识和各民族至善至美的人生理想,历来被藏族人民视为珍宝。“热贡艺术”是藏传佛教艺术的重要组成部分和颇具广泛影响的流派,从十五世纪开始,发祥于青海省黄南藏族自治州同仁县境内隆务河流域。数百年来,这里有大批艺人从事民间佛教绘塑艺术,从艺人员之众多,群体技艺之精妙,都为其它藏区所少见,故被誉为“藏族画家之乡”,而同仁地区在藏语中称为“热贡”,因此这一艺术便统称为“热贡艺术”。唐卡的题材不是单一的,而是复合式的,无论苯教还是佛教中的小乘、大乘、密宗都在绘画艺术中有所反映,常见的题材主要有以下几类:传记画:包括佛传、祖师传和大法师传。如释迦牟尼传即生平故事、本生图;宁玛派创始人莲花生祖师传、萨迦创始人八思巴传、...&
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权威出处:
热贡艺术产业致富藏族群众以唐卡、堆绣、泥塑为主的热贡艺术产业’为当地1.6要包_卡、_、雜_、》減等多种艺术形式,因发祥于青海省黄南藏族自治州同仁嫌务河畔的热贡而得名。叫部93个城山?人列“资源型城i|T 为统筹推进全国资源型城市可持续发展,国务院日前印发了《全国资源型城市可持续发展规划(年)》,这是我国首次出台关于资源型城市可持续发展的国家级专项规划。《规划》首次确定全国262个资源型城市2(2?年发展目标,其中包括西部地区的()3个城市。《规划》将资源型城市分为矿业城市和森工城市以及成长型、 成熟型、衰退型和再生型四类,明确了“分类引导,特色发展;有序幵发,协调发展;优化结构,协同发展;民生为本,和诮发展”的发展原则。 国务院批准濟桂建设 沿边金融综合改革试验区 曰前,经国务院同意,中国人民银行等11个部委办联合印发《云南广两建设沿边金融综合改革试验区总体方'装》.以增强人民币在东盟和南亚国家的竞争力、影响...&
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权威出处:
一、研究缘起我国是一个多民族国家,处理好我国的民族问题以及协调良性互动的民族关系,有着非常重要的意义。新中国成立以来,国内一些学者对民族关系问题进行了一系列的尝试性、开拓性研究,研究的领域也从原来的民族历史、政治领域发展到经济、文化等领域,更多的学者致力于对民族地区的经济社会发展的研究。改革开放以来,中国社会在取得巨大成就的同时,也面临着社会转型、文化变迁所带来的一系列压力。在经济全球化的背景下,我国56个民族都面临着新的发展抉择和社会问题,民族关系也呈现出更为复杂的局面。我们对民族关系和社会认同意识的研究要密切关注变迁的动态过程和现实问题。最近两年发生的西藏拉萨3.14事件和新疆乌鲁木齐的7.5事件等暴力事件,致使人民群众的生命和财产受到重大损失,更是提醒我们对民族关系和认同问题必须高度重视。这些冲突事件的外部诱因不可忽视,但是影响如此恶劣的社会事件也必然有其内部的社会土壤。对民族地区民众生活状况实地调研的缺失,造成不少局外人...&
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权威出处:
藏族是个全民信教的民族,尽管物质生活极为匮乏,但是精神世界却极大丰富。重精神、轻物质的价值取向是藏民族的基本特征。藏传佛教艺术中极具代表性的唐卡,作为皈依佛法的标志和顶礼膜拜的神物,在藏族人民的生活中占有非常重要的地位。从古至今,藏族人不论贫富,家中的经堂里都会供有一副或十几幅唐卡,他们坚信所供奉的唐卡会带给家人吉祥、平安和幸福。然而目前藏区市面上销售的唐卡,大多都为电脑印刷唐卡或者半机器半手工唐卡。通过在热贡唐卡发源地“热贡”的实地田野考察发现,21世纪以来,信息技术的应用给热贡唐卡的传承带来了巨大的冲击。藏族信众日常佛事活动中所需的唐卡几乎百分之百采用便宜的电脑印刷唐卡。部分唐卡画师采用电脑打印的唐卡底稿来拓印,简化甚至省略了唐卡传统绘制工艺中最为基础的依照度量标准打底稿环节。唐卡不再是神圣的宗教用品,而是被大众消费的旅游工艺品,被明码标价挂在实体店或网店里销售。针对上述现象,本研究重点思考以下问题:信息技术的冲击给藏传佛教...&
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权威出处:
热贡,藏语音译,意为“充满希望的金色谷地”。热贡主要指今青海省黄南藏族自治州同仁县隆务河一带从巧世纪开始,“热贡”艺术发祥于青海省黄南藏族自治州同仁县境内隆务河畔,这里有许多信仰藏传佛教并从事宗教艺术活动的艺术群体,他们的作品以反映藏传佛教内容为主,技法上集中体现了藏式绘画、雕塑、建筑等艺术风格。艺人绝大多数是藏族,故又被称为“热贡...&
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权威出处:
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父亲节最期待的旅行之西藏
  西藏名胜古迹众多。全区有各级文物保护单位251处,其中,国家级重点文物保护单位27处,自治区级重点文物保护单位55处,地(市)、县级文物保护单位169处。
  In Tibet, many places of interest. District 251 cultural relics protection units at all levels, of which, 27 national key cultural relics protection units, municipality level key cultural relics protection units, 55 (city), county-level cultural relics protection units in 169.
  布达拉宫
  The potala palace
  布达拉宫位于中国西藏自治区首府拉萨市区西北的玛布日山上,是一座宫堡式建筑群,最初是吐蕃王朝赞普松赞干布为迎娶尺尊公主和文成公主而兴建。于17世纪重建后,成为历代达赖喇嘛的冬宫居所,为西藏政教合一的统治中心。1961年,布达拉宫成为了中华人民共和国国务院第一批全国重点文物保护单位之一。1994年,布达拉宫被列为世界文化遗产。布达拉宫的主体建筑为白宫和红宫两部分。
  The potala palace is located in the Tibet autonomous regional capital of Lhasa city northwest of the cloth, the mountains, is a palace fort type buildings, originally tubo Wang Chaozan tome sontzen gampo built for the statue of princess to marry feet and princess wencheng. In the 17th century reconstruction, become a winter palace residence of the dalai lama in China's history, the rule of clerical center for Tibet. In 1961, the potala palace became the state council of the People's Republic of China one of the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units. In 1994, the potala palace was listed as world cultural heritage. The main body of the potala palace building for the white palace and red palace.
  整座宫殿具有藏式风格,高200余米,外观13层,实际只有9层。由于它起建于山腰,大面积的石壁又屹立如削壁,使建筑仿佛与山岗融为一体,气势雄伟。
  The whole palace with Tibetan style, more than 200 meters high, 13th floor appearance, actually only 9 floors. Because it was built in the mountainside, large area of the wall and stand like a rock, make the building as if combined with hills, magnificence.
  大昭寺
  Jokhang temple
  大昭寺,又名&祖拉康&、&觉康&(藏语意为佛殿),位于拉萨老城区中心,是一座藏传佛教寺院,始建于唐贞观二十一年(公元647年),是藏王松赞干布为纪念尺尊公主入藏而建,拉萨之所以有&圣地&之誉 与这座佛像有关。寺庙最初称&惹萨&,后来惹萨又成为这座城市的名称,并演化成当下的&拉萨&。大昭寺建成后,经过元、明、清历朝屡加修改扩建,才形成了现今的规模。
  Jokhang temple, also known as the &father of lacan& and &sleep& (Tibetan meaning Buddha hall), the old city center is located in Lhasa, is a Tibetan buddhist monastery, was built in the tang dynasty 21 years (647 AD), is a Tibetan king sontzen gampo in honor of princess bhrikuti enter Tibet, Lhasa is a &holy land& of reputation Associated with the figure of Buddha. Temple was originally called &Mr&, then make had become the city's name, &Lhasa& have evolved into the present. After the completion of jokhang temple, after the yuan, Ming and qing who lived and repeatedly modified expansion, formed today's scale.
  大昭寺融合了藏、唐、尼泊尔、印度的建筑风格,成为藏式宗教建筑的千古典范。
  Jokhang temple is a blend of Tibetan architectural style, tang, Nepal, India, become eternal masterpiece of Tibetan religious architecture.
  寺前终日香火缭绕,信徒们虔诚的叩拜在门前的青石地板上留下了等身长头的深深印痕。万盏酥油灯长明,留下了岁月和朝圣者的痕迹。
  All day long before the temple incense incense, the faithful devout worship at the door of bluestone left a deep imprint of producing oil on the floor. Light SuYouDeng long out, leaving a trail of years and pilgrims.
  藏王墓
  Tibetan king's tomb
  藏王墓属全国重点文物保护单位,位于山南穷结县宗山的西南方,背靠丕惹山(意为增长之山),是吐蕃王朝时期第29代赞普至第40代(末代)赞普、大臣及王妃的墓葬群,总面积385平方千米。各陵墓封土高大,为土垒成的高台丘墓。其上层土墩为椭圆形,墩顶极平坦,东西长约130米;下层为长方形土台,周边不齐整。藏王墓的数目现难确定,能看到的有八九座。靠近河边的大墓据说是松赞干布之墓,与之相邻的是赤松德赞的墓,墓旁有巨大功德碑。在9世纪中后发生的奴隶起义中,赞普陵墓全被捣毁,现在的藏王墓只是衣冠冢而已。
  Tibetan king's tomb is a national key cultural relics protection units, located in the southwest of the county ZongShan shannan is poor, the back is PI to provoke the mountain mountain (growth), is the tubo dynasty praised general through 40 generation 29 (last) minister of praise, and princess tomb group, with a total area of 385 square kilometers. Each tomb manor tall for soil base into the tower of the grave. Its upper mound is oval, pier top flat, something about 130 Lower for rectangular TuTai, peripheral is not neat. Is difficult to determine the number of Tibetan king's tomb, there can see 八九座. Large tomb is said to be the tomb of sontzen gampo next to the river, and the adjacent is akamatsu's tomb, tomb has huge GongDeBei. In the 9th century after the slave uprising, who's mausoleum was all destroyed, now only ? cenotaph Tibetan king's tomb.
  昌珠寺
  ChangZhuSi
  珠寺位于山南雅砻河东岸的贡布日山南麓,距乃东县约二公里,属格鲁派寺院。建于松赞干布时期,据说文成公主曾在该寺驻足修行。寺中悬挂有一口铜钟。
  Along the east coast of the pearl temple is located in the south YaLong river kampot mountain foothill, about two kilometers away from NaiDongXian, belong to the gelug sect monasteries. Built in sontzen gampo period, it was said that princess wencheng temple stop practice. There is a bronze temple in suspension.
  昌珠寺系吐蕃时期第一批兴建的佛教寺庙之一,重要建筑有大门、&乃定学&、措钦大殿名&乃定当&,大殿主像是莲花生。措钦大殿东西长45米,南北宽29米,里边有天井天棚,经堂有柱64根,主要佛殿三间,形式与拉萨大昭寺差不多。殿内有12座佛堂。
  ChangZhuSi is one of the first buddhist temple constructed in the tubo period, important building have the door, &is set to learn&, cuo qin hall &must& is, the temple which was padmasambhava. Cuo qin hall 45 meters long, north and south, 29 meters wide, punctuated with patio awning, oratory column 64, Buddha hall, between the three main forms and the jokhang temple in Lhasa. Inside there are 12 buddhist temple.
  羊卓雍措
  Yangzhuoyong lake
  Yangzhuoyong lake distance is more beautiful than nearly touch, after over 5030 m GanBaLa pass, along the highway all the way down to the sheep zhuo lake takes about 30 minutes, all this is the best Angle to appreciate yangzhuoyong lake, have multiple viewing platform, all the way to stop taking photos.
  羊卓雍措远观比近触要漂亮许多,翻越5030米的甘巴拉山口后,沿公路一直向下到羊卓湖畔需要大约30分钟,这一路是欣赏羊卓雍措的最佳角度,一路上有多个观景平台,可驻足停留拍照。
  Yangzhuoyong lake distance is more beautiful than nearly touch, after over 5030 m GanBaLa pass, along the highway all the way down to the sheep zhuo lake takes about 30 minutes, all this is the best Angle to appreciate yangzhuoyong lake, have multiple viewing platform, all the way to stop taking photos.
  提醒:因为羊卓雍措海拔高,平原游客游玩要注意高原反应,建议提前一周吃红景天或随身携带奥默携氧片。
  Remind: because of the high yangzhuoyong lake elevation, plain tourists to pay attention to the plateau response, suggest a week in advance to eat rhodiola or carry the burden to carry oxygen.
  纳木错
  namtso
  有罗萨、打尔古藏布、查哈苏太河等水注入。湖的周围是广阔无垠的湖滨平原,生长着蒿草、台藓、火绒草等草本植物,是水草丰美的天然牧场,全年均可放牧。藏北的牧民每年在冬季到来之前,就把牛羊赶到这里,度过风雪寒冬。夏天的纳木错最为欢腾喧闹,野牦牛、岩羊、野兔等野生动物在广阔的草滩上吃草;无数候鸟从南方飞来,在岛上和湖滨产卵、孵化、哺育后代;湖中的鱼群时而跃出水面,阳光下银鳞闪烁;牧人扬鞭跃马,牛羊涌动如天上飘落的云彩,高亢、悠扬的歌声在山谷间回响。幽静安谧的纳木错生机勃勃,意趣盎然。难怪藏族人民要把纳木错看作是美好、幸福的象征了。纳木错确实是大自然的一份厚赐。
  Rosa play the ancient Tibetan cloth, check the hasselblad too river such as water injection. Lake is surrounded by the vast lake plain, with wormwood, and Taiwan moss, tinder, grass and other herbs, is to reveal the natural pasture, throughout the year all can graze. Northern nomads, before the winter every year took sheep and cattle, wind and cold days. Summer namtso most exult, wild yak, blue sheep, rabbits and other wild animals are eating grass on Numerous migratory birds flew from the south, on the island and laying eggs, hatching, lakeside, The lake's fish and sometimes leap from the water, the sun si Shepherds are always galloping horse, cattle and sheep like the float in the sky clouds, sonorous, melodious song echoes in the valleys. Quiet a quiet
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