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EXPLORATIONS - Wiley Post: The First Pilot to Circle the World Alone
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program . Today
tell about pilot . He set new records when he flew his own airplane around the world in nineteen thirty-three. (MUSIC) VOICE ONE: It was nineteen thirty-three. Only six years earlier Charles Lindburgh became famous around the world as the first person to fly alone across the Atlantic Ocean. Now, a young pilot was trying to fly across Russia. He had left Moscow several hours before. All he heard was the sound of the one engine that powered his plane. Hour after hour the same sound. Now the weather was bad. He could not see much ahead, only the fog. Flying in fog is very dangerous. Yet the sound of the engine made everything seem warm and safe. Then, out of the fog he saw a mountain. He had only seconds to bring the airplane up. It was a narrow escape, one of many he would have during his long flight.Wiley Post in his pressurized flight suitVOICE TWO: The young pilot was . He was trying to fly around the world by himself. He made the trip in less than eight days. He stopped eleven times for fuel, food and a little sleep. Wiley Post made his famous flight in July, nineteen thirty-three. Not many flight instruments existed that could help him find his way. He was alone, fighting against sleep. If he fell asleep he would die. (MUSIC)VOICE ONE: Nothing in Wiley Post's early years suggests that he would become a famous pilot. He was born in Grand Saline, Texas, in eighteen ninety-eight. His family were farmers. In nineteen thirteen, Wiley saw something that forever changed his life -- an airplane. After watching the plane fly, young Wiley waited until most people had left the area. He then began inspecting and studying the plane. He measured different parts of the plane with his hands. Many years later,
would say that first airplane was the most wonderful thing he had ever seen.VOICE TWO: Wiley Post began to study everything he could find about flying. He began to educate himself about subjects such as mathematics, radio and machinery. His self-education would continue the rest of his life. Post finally rode in an airplane in nineteen nineteen. At the time, many people believed all pilots were special people. They believed it took special skills and courage to fly an airplane. But after his first ride,
knew that flying was something he could learn to do.VOICE ONE: Wiley Post began his career in flying, not as a pilot, but as a performer who jumps from airplanes using a parachute. He did this with a group that performed flying tricks to earn money. He jumped ninety-nine times in two years with the flying show. When he was not jumping with a parachute, he was being taught how to fly by pilots in the air show. But he could not fly as often as he liked.VOICE TWO: Wiley Post then decided the only way to become a good pilot was to buy an airplane of his own. He needed more money than he earned in the flying show. He went to work in the oil-producing areas of Texas. But he damaged his left eye in an accident. Doctors had to remove his eye. At first, Post thought his days as a pilot were ended. A pilot needs to be able to judge distance. Judging distance is difficult without two eyes. It seems impossible to tell how big objects are and how far away.
began teaching himself to judge distance with only one eye. He worked hard at training his eye and brain to tell the correct distance. It took a long time, but he succeeded. He continued to fly and soon became a very good pilot.Post and the plane called the Winnie MaeVOICE ONE: In nineteen twenty-eight, he got a job flying the plane that belonged to a rich oil producer from Oklahoma. The man's name was F.C. Hall. He bought a new airplane for Post to fly. Mister Hall named the airplane the &Winnie Mae& after one of his daughters. F.C. Hall told Post he could use the plane to enter flight competitions. Post did. In nineteen thirty, he entered the National Air Races. The race called for flying without stopping from Los Angeles in the western state of California, to the city of Chicago, in the middle western state of Illinois. Post won the race. He defeated several well known pilots. It was the first time the public heard the name .VOICE TWO: Post was not really interested in racing airplanes. He wanted to be the first person to fly around the world. Many pilots had talked about trying to make such a flight. But no one had done it. Post believed he would need someone to help him in the effort. He chose an Australian man, Harold Gatty, to do the mathematics that decided the plane's direction. Post would fly the plane. On June twenty-third, nineteen thirty-one, Post and Gatty took off from Roosevelt Field in New York. They returned to Roosevelt Field eight days, fifteen hours and fifty-one minutes later. They had flown around the world.VOICE ONE: At first everyone was very happy.
and Harold Gatty were heroes. Then many people began to say that Post was nothing more than an airplane driver because he had no real education. They said Gatty was the real hero. He had guided the flight. Both men knew they had made the flight as a team. Others did not recognize this. This hurt Post.
began to plan another flight around the world. This time he would go alone. (MUSIC)VOICE TWO: Wiley Post knew that any effort has a good chance of success if the person planning the task is well prepared. So he worked hard to prepare well. He used the most modern equipment possible. He made sure the engine on the &Winnie Mae& was perfect. And to prepare himself, he went without sleep for long periods of time. On July fifteenth, nineteen thirty-three, Post took off from Floyd Bennett Field in New York. His first stop would be Berlin, Germany. He landed in Berlin twenty-six hours later. He became the first person to fly from New York to Berlin without stopping.VOICE ONE: After a little food for himself and fuel for the &Winnie Mae,& Post was once again in the air. This time he was headed for Russia. For long hours he flew, listening only to the sound of his engine. Often, the weather was so bad he could not see where he was. At one point he came so close to running out of gas he considered using his parachute. But at the last minute he found a place to land and get gas. The flight across the huge width of Russia was difficult. He made several stops for gas and a few hours rest before flying across the Bering Sea to Alaska.VOICE TWO: By now, he was very tired. To keep himself awake as he flew east during the long night, Post tied a piece of string to one finger. The other end of the string was tied to a heavy aircraft tool. He held the tool in his hand. If he started to fall asleep, the tool would fall from his hand. The string would pull his finger and wake him. From Fairbanks, Alaska, he flew to Edmonton, Canada and then on toward New York. More than fifty thousand people waited at Floyd Bennett Field.
gently landed the &Winnie Mae& long after dark. He had flown around the world in seven days, eighteen hours and forty-nine minutes. Thousands of excited people rushed toward the plane.
was a hero. He had become the most famous pilot in America. (MUSIC)A compass from the last plane flown by Wiley PostVOICE ONE: In nineteen thirty-five, only two years after his around the world record flight,
was killed in a flying accident in Alaska. Post and the famous American humorist Will Rogers were killed when Post's plane crashed on takeoff near Point Barrow. Before Post's death, the government of the United States had bought the &Winnie Mae.& The Smithsonian's National Air and Space Museum in Washington, D.C. owns the plane. You can see it at the museum's Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center in Chantilly, Virginia. VOICE TWO: Many pilots have flown around the world since
made his famous flight. His record was first broken only a few years after his death. Since that time many records for the trip have been made and broken. Yet
was the first to fly around the world ... alone. (MUSIC)VOICE ONE: This program was written by Paul Thompson and produced by . I'm .VOICE TWO: And I'm . Transcripts, MP3s and podcasts of our programs are all available -- free of charge -- at . Join us again next week for
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网友的学习评论(条)：Rescuers search for traces of plane that crashed off JamaicaGet the news
Rescuers search for traces of plane that crashed off JamaicaMilitary jets are escorting a single-engine turbo-prop that was bound from New York to Florida, but which is not responding to communications over the Atlantic Ocean, according to the North American AerospacePost to FacebookRescuers search for traces of plane that crashed off Jamaica 

 Military jets are escorting a single-engine turbo-prop that was bound from New York to Florida, but which is not responding to communications over the Atlantic Ocean, according to the North American Aerospace


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The small private plane crashed in the ocean just north of Jamaica hours after air traffic control lost contact with the couple on board.
Bart Jansen and David Andreatta
The flight of the unresponsive plane, according (Photo: .)
CONNECTEMAILMOREA plane belonging to a prominent New York real estate developer and his wife crashed in the ocean north of Jamaica after flying unresponsive for hours and being escorted by U.S. fighter jets, according to federal officials.The U.S. Coast Guard is searching for the wreckage, as are a Jamaican military helicopter and search-and-rescue team. Jamaica rescuers said they have located an oil slick in waters where they suspect the plane went down.The single-engine turbo-prop is registered to Rochester developer Larry Glazer."We understand that there are many questions yet to be answered about today's events, and we too are awaiting answers. At this time, we would appreciate the ability to mourn privately.""We are devastated by the tragic and sudden loss of our parents, Jane and Larry Glazer," the statement read. "They loved and appreciated the opportunity to help build the community of Rochester, and we thank everyone in the community for their expressions of support.In a prepared statement, their children, Mindy, Rick and Ken Glazer, said they were awaiting answers as to what went wrong.Larry Glazer, the pilot of the plane, is seen in Rochester, N.Y., in 2010.&(Photo: Carlos Ortiz, AP)The North American Aerospace Defense Command scrambled two F-16 fighter jets from South Carolina at 10:40 a.m. to intercept the Socata TBM-900 headed from Rochester, N.Y., to Naples, Fla. Those planes handed off the escort to two F-15 fighters from Florida at 11:30 a.m.Military pilots weren't able to communicate with the plane's occupants, but saw that the plane's windows were frosted, according to Army Maj. Beth Smith, a NORAD spokeswoman.Authorities have not confirmed who was on the plane. But within minutes of the crash, New York officials offered public condolences to the Glazer family.FlightAware identified the plane's tail number as N900KN. FAA records show the plane, a model that sells new for $3.5 million in its standard version, is owned by a company based at the same address as a real estate firm in Rochester. The firm, Buckingham Properties, is owned by developer Larry Glazer, who also is president of the TBM Owners and Pilots Association."I join the residents of Rochester during this difficult week in mourning the loss of Larry and Jane Glazer in today's tragic plane crash," said Gov. Andrew Cuomo. "The Glazers were innovative and generous people who were committed to revitalizing downtown Rochester and making the city they loved a better place for all."Jane Glazer receives a Rochester Business Ethics Award at the Riverside Convention Center in 2012&(Photo: Tina Yee, AP)According to Buckingham's website, "Larry spends some of his spare time on the ground - gardening around his house with his wife, J and some in the sky - flying his plane."Joseph Rowley Jr., director of leasing and marketing at Buckingham Properties, which is owned by Glazer, declined to comment. The company closed early Friday.A woman answering the phone at QCI Direct, a catalog company owned by Glazer's wife, Jane Glazer, at 2:15 p.m., said the company was not making any public statements.Moments later, a voice recording at QCI said the company was closed.The plane took off at 8:26 a.m. and was scheduled to land in Naples about noon, according , a flight-tracking service. The plane crashed at 2:15 p.m., about 14 miles off the coast of Port Antonio, Jamaica, according to NORAD.On a recording made by LiveATC, a website that monitors and posts air traffic control audio recordings, the pilot can be heard saying, "We need to descend down to about (18,000 feet). We have an indication that's not correct in the plane." A controller replied, "Stand by."TBM-700 profile&(Photo: Janet Loehrke, USA TODAY)After a pause, the controller told the pilot to fly at 25,000 feet. "We need to get lower," the pilot responded. "Working on that," the controller saidControllers then cleared the plane to descend to 20,000 feet, a command which the pilot acknowledged. A couple minutes later, a controller radioed the plane by its tail number: "900 Kilo November, if you hear this transmission, ident" - identify yourself. There was no response.According to FlightAware, the plane never carried out the last descent to 20,000 feet.Fighter pilots observed the Socata's pilot slumped over before the turboprop's windows became frosted over, Schlachter said.On LiveATC recordings, the fighter pilots can be heard discussing the Socata pilot's condition."I can see his chest rising and falling right before I left," said one of the fighter pilots."It was the first time we could see that he was actually breathing. It may be a deal where, depending on how fast they meet them, he may regain consciousness once the aircraft starts descending for fuel ..." the fighter pilot said.The pilot was speculating that the Socata pilot was suffering from hypoxia, or oxygen deprivation, but Schlachter said the Air Force doesn't know for certain that was the case.The incident is the second time in less than a week that private pilot has become unresponsive during a flight. On Saturday, a pilot lost consciousness and his plane drifted into restricted airspace over the nation's capital. Fighter jets were also launched in that case and stayed with the small aircraft until it ran out of fuel and crashed Saturday into the Atlantic.Jamaican Marine Police return to the Port Antonio Marina after a fruitless search for a plane that crashed into the ocean near Port Antonio, Jamaica, on Friday.&(Photo: Everard Owen, AP)Cases of pilots becoming unresponsive while their planes wander the sky are unusual, with probably not much more than a handful of such incidents over the last decade, said aviation safety expert John Goglia. Sometimes the incidents are due to a pilot becoming incapacitated by a heart attack or stroke, but more often the problem is insufficient cabin pressurization that causes the pilot and any passengers to pass out, he said.Pilots are supposed to check that the cabin pressurization is correctly set before takeoff, but there have been cases where they have forgotten to do that or the pressurization level has been improperly set, said Goglia, a former National Transportation Safety Board member. If cabin pressure drops too low, there won't be enough oxygen per cubic foot in the cabin and any people aboard will lose consciousness, he said. In such cases, it's likely that those on board will die from loss of oxygen before the plane runs out of fuel and crashes, he said.Mechanical problems or a window or fuselage leak can also lead to rapid cabin depressurization. When that happens, the time of useful consciousness a pilot has in which to react is measured in seconds, Goglia said.In 1999, the pilots of a Learjet carrying professional golfer Payne Stewart from Orlando, Florida, to Texas became unresponsive. The plane took a turn and wandered all the way to South Dakota before running out of fuel and crashing into a field west if Aberdeen. Stewart and five others on board were killed. An NTSB investigation blamed the accident on depressurization.The military routinely responds to unknown aviation activity, with heightened security after the terrorist attacks on Sept. 11, 2001. But the incidents are often accidents rather than terrorist incidents.Two F-16 fighter jets followed a general-aviation plane Monday that had taken off from Waukesha Airport in Wisconsin and was on its way to Manassas Airport in Virginia, before it crashed in the Atlantic.Contributing: Andreatta also reports for the Rochester Democrat and Chronicle, Donna Leinwand Leger.
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TOP VIDEOS5 simple ways to conquer your fear of flying - Matador Network
Has flying kept you from exploring the world? Here&s some easy ways to help you get over your fear.
FOR YEARS, I FOUND excuses not to travel out of the country. It cost too much. I had to finish my education. I simply couldn&t go when the weather was cold.
The truth of the matter, however, was that I was afraid to fly.
This went on until my desire to explore the world overpowered my innate fear of rising above the clouds in a steel soda straw. So I had a few martinis and hopped on a flight out of the United States.
I realized I had nothing to fear after all. Since that first triumph, I&ve become an avid overseas traveler. Still, every time I fly I find myself nervous. I&ve picked up a few tricks to alleviate my fear of flying.
Here are five tips that will help those who suffer from similar anxiety.
1. Know what to expect
Familiarize yourself with the sights and sounds of flying. Understand the bumps and movements of an airplane.
Without knowing what to expect at the airport and on the flight itself, your mind tends to wander.
Familiarize yourself with the sights and sounds of flying. Understand the bumps and movements of an airplane.
Getting an idea of what flying is actually like beforehand will help you form a realistic notion of what you&re experiencing during take-off or when the plane hits turbulence.
Talk to friends who have flown. Ask them to describe the process from start to finish. Question them about turbulence. Do they have a &bad turbulence& story? Chances are that they do. Then, realize they are still here to tell you the story.
is a wonderful site that is loaded with free content. You can listen to the sounds of every aspect of flying & from engine noise at take off, to final boarding calls in the airport.
There are videos that describe exactly what you will see and help you understand what to expect. You can even find a support forum to discuss your concerns with other travelers.
2. Understand why flying is actually safe
We have all heard the saying: &You&re more likely to die in a car accident on the way to the airport than on the plane.&
This is certainly true. Statistics show you are in fact 500-1000 times more likely to meet your end on the highway. But let& this does not really help calm your nerves. You are still not in control of the plane!
But consider: how many drivers are actually in control of what other drivers are doing on the road around them? None! I&m fairly confident that 40,000+ Americans are not dying each year in a car wreck because they have control over the situation.
Then consider that since 1970 there have been only 58 fatal events between 16 different U. and Canada airlines. That is an estimated total of approximately 36.6 fatal events (at least one person died) per 16 million flights.
Granted, crunching these numbers might not make you feel comfortable flying. It should however give you hope that your chances of getting to your destination on a plane are pretty darn good.
3. Sit on the wing and breathe the fresh air
If the idea of turbulence is your nemesis, grab a seat on the wing of the plane.
Getting yourself onto the plane is only half the battle.
You still have to deal with your nerves acting up while you are in your seat.
The cool air from the valve above you is a great way to chill out and relax. Open the nozzle full blast and direct it onto your face. The rush of air will not only help calm your heavy breathing, but will also keep your underarms a bit dryer. (You want to minimize the amount of sweat you will have to wear for the next few hours.)
If the idea of turbulence is your nemesis, grab a seat on the wing of the plane. While the jury is still out on this one, there is a general consensus that sitting over the wing of the plane will provide the most stability.
It&s possible the turbulence you will feel in the back of the plane isn&t going to be significantly worse than in the middle.
Still, if you think of the plane like a teeter-totter or seesaw with the wings as the pivot in the middle, it makes sense that you would feel less bumpiness sitting in the center. It certainly works for me.
4. Just pretend you&re on A bus
It sounds too simple to work, but it does. Closing your eyes and imagining that you are just taking a bus ride can really help.
When it comes down to it, being on a plane doesn&t feel that much different from being on a Greyhound bus (once you&re in the air).
Turbulence often resembles a bumpy road. And the possibility of your neighbor being too big for their seat and nodding off onto your shoulder no matter is real, whether you&re on the highway or 35,000 feet over Alaska.
5. Sedatives are just a doctor&s appointment away
When there is simply no way to get around your fears, and thoughts of canceling your flight flash in your head, make an appointment to see your doctor.
Explain the situation and ask for a prescription of sedatives such as Xanax (brand name) or .
There is nothing to be ashamed of. These little pills come in .25 .5, and 1 mg doses. You and your doctor will decide what dosage is best for you.
As a 5&8&P male who weighs about 160 pounds I can say the 1mg pretty well knocks me out for a good portion of a 7-hour flight. I prefer the .5mg pill.
With one or two of these pills you may not be able to alleviate all your apprehensions, but you certainly won&t feel quite as tense. Just be sure to wait until you get to the airport to pop the pill, or have someone else drive you there.
Likewise, don&t fall asleep in the waiting area and miss your flight!
If a prescription is not an option for you, remember that most major airlines are now taking credit cards for alcohol purchases during a flight and many foreign carriers still offer complimentary booze.
One or two drinks can calm your nerves, but don&t drink too much, because alcohol
much harder in flight than on the ground.
Giving into your fear of flying can cause you to miss out on the fantastic chance of traveling the world.
The confidence and sense of accomplishment you gain by visiting a distant land is only more gratifying when you arrive by conquering your fears.
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