收藏！学霸初中三年精华英语笔记 ! 英语老师都惊呼“太全了”
今天为大家分享的是初中英语学习笔记大全，涵盖了初中三年考点，按字母顺序排列，方便大家查看，还没中考的学生暑期预习一定要好好利用这份资~
1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官动词)+do
eg:I like watching monkeys jump.
2 （比较级 + and + 比较级）
表示越来越怎么样
3 a piece of cake =easy
小菜一碟（容易）
4 agree with sb
5 all kinds of 各种各样
a kind of 一样
6 all over the world = the whole world
7 along with同……一道，伴随……
eg : I will go along with you.
我将和你一起去
8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样
9 as you can see
你是知道的
10 ask for
……求助, 向…要…（直接接想要的东西）
11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么
12 ask sb to do sth
让 某人某事
ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事
13 at the age of
在……岁时
eg：I am sixteen .
I am at the age of sixteen.
14 at the beginning of ……
……的起初；……的开始
15 at the end of +地点/+时间:
最后,尽头,末尾.
eg : At the end of the day.
16 at this time of year
在每年的这个时候
17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句
感觉/对什么有信心,自信
eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test.
18 be + doing ：1 现在进行时 2 将来时
19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原） 能够……
eg : She is able to sing She can sing.
20 be able to do sth 能够干什么
eg :she is able to sing.
21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕……
eg : I'm afraid to go out at night .
22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么
eg: I'm allowed to watch TV. 我被允许看电视
I should be allowed to watch TV. 我应该被允许看电视
23 be angry with sb 生某人的气
eg : Don't be angry with me
24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气
25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样
eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高
26 be ashamed to
27 be away from 远离
28 be away from 从……离开
29 be bad for 对什么有害
eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes.
在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好
30 be born 出生于
31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事
be busy with sth 忙于……
32 be careful 当心；小心
33 be different from…… 和什么不一样
34 be famous for 以……著名
35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好
36 be from = come from 来自
eg ：He is from Bejing .
He comes from Bejing .
Is he from Bejing ?
Does he come from Bejing ?
37 be full of 装满……的
be filled with 充满
eg: The glass is full of water .
The glass is filled with water .
38 be glad+to+do/从句
39 be going to + v(原） 将来时
40 be good at(+doing) = do well in
在某方面善长, 善于……
41 be good for 对什么有好处
eg : Reading aloud is good for your English.
42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事
43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处
eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you .
Exercising is helpful to your bady .
44 be in good health 身体健康
45 be in trouble 处于困难中
eg : She is in trouble.
46 be interested in 对某方面感兴趣
47 be late for = come late to 迟到
eg: Be late for class 上课迟到
48 be like 像……
eg : I'm like my mother
49 be mad at
生某人的气
50 be made from
由……制成 (制成以后看不见原材料)
51 be made of 由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)
52 be not sure 表不确定
53 be on a visit to 参观
54 be popular with sb 受某人欢迎
55 be quiet 安静
56 be short for 表**的缩写
eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰
57 be sick in bed 生病在床
58 be sorry to do sth / be sorry for sb 对...感到抱歉
eg : I am sorry for you .
59 be sorry to hear that 很抱歉听到...(消息）
60 be sorry to trouble sb 很抱歉打扰
61 be strict in doing sth 严于做某事
eg : He's strict in obeying noles.
62 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格
eg: Some students are not strict with themselves. 有些学生对自己不严格
63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格
64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么
65 be sure 表确定
66 be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心
eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well.
67 be sure of sth 对做某事有信心
eg: I'm sure of my head /my teacher. 我相信我的大脑（老师）
68 be sure that sth 对做某事有信心
eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test.
69 be sure to do sth一定会做某事
eg: We are sure to pass the test. 我们一定会通过这次考试
Weare sure to learn English well. 我们一定能学好英语
70 be terrified of + 名/动doing 害怕……
71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事
72 be the same as … 和什么一样
73 be used to doing sth 习惯做某事
eg: My father is used to getting up early.
我爸爸习惯早起。
74 be worth doing 值得做什么
75 be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事
be afraid of sth 害怕某物
be afraid that 从句
76 because+句子
because of +短语
eg : He was late because he had a headache.
He was late because of his headache.
77 begin to do = start to do 开始做某事
start…with…=begin…with… 以什么开始什么
78 between…and… 两者之间
79 borrow sth from sb 向……借……
lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借给……什么东西）
eg : I borrowed a pen from him.我从他那借来笔。
He lent a pen to me. / He lent me a pen .
他把笔借给我。
80 both = the same(as) = not different(from) 相同
打扰 bother sb to do sth
eg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station.
我十分道歉打扰你，但是你能告诉我怎么去车站。
the problem has been bothering me for weeks .
这个问题困扰了我几个周了
82 by the end of 到……为止
83 call sb sth
eg : We call him old wang .
84 care 关心
eg : Don't you care about this country's future ?
你为什么不关心国家的未来
85 catch up with sb 赶上某人
86 chat with sb 和某人闲谈
take sb to + 地点 带某人去某地
87 come in 进
88 come over to 过来
89 come up with 提出
eg: Can you come up with a good idea?
你能想出一个好办法吗？
90 communicate with sb 和某人交流
91 consider + doing 考虑做什么
eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou ?
为什么不考虑去泸州？
92 dance to 随着……跳舞
eg : She likes dancing to the music. 她喜欢随着音乐跳舞。
93 decide to do sth 决定做某事
94 do a survey of 做某方面的调查
95 do better in 在……方面做得更好
96 do wrong 做错
97 Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事
98 Don't mind +doing /从句 /名词 不要介意……
99 each +名（单）每一个…
eg : Each student has many books.
每一个学生都有一些书 。
100 end up +doing 以……结束
101 enjoy +doing喜欢
102 escape from 从……逃跑
eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison.
犯人从监狱里逃跑出来 。
103 expect to do sth 期待做某事
104 fall down 摔下来
fall off 从哪摔下来
105 fall in love with sb /sth 爱上什么
106 far from 离某地远
eg : The school is far from my home.
107 find +it +adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样
108 find sb/sth +adj 发现什么怎么样
eg : I find the book interesting.
109 finish 完成+doing（名词）
110 fit to sb = be fit for sb 适合某人
111 forget to do 没有做而忘了
forget doing 做了而又忘了
eg: Don't forget to go home I forget closing door.
112 from…to… 从某某到某某
eg: From me to her.
139 hear sb +do/doing 听见某人做某事/正在做某事
140 help a lot 很大用处
141 help sb with sth one's sth 帮助某人某事（某方面）
help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事
142 hope to do sth 希望做某事
143 How about(+doing) = What about(+doing)
144 how do you like = what do you think of
你对什么的看法
145 if : 是否＝wether
eg: I don't know if (wether) I should go to the party .
我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会.
146 if :如果，假如（全部接一般时态）＋条件语态从句
eg: I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain.
假如明天不下雨，我就去泸州 。
147 in one's opinion = sb think 某人认为
148 in some ways 在某些方面
149 in the end = finally(adv) 最后
150 in the north of… 什么在什么的北方
（north 北 sowth 南 west 西 east 东 ）
151 in the sun 在太阳下
152 increase 增加
eg : They've increased the prece of petrol by 3% .
他们把石油价增加了3%
153 instead of +（名 ） 代替
eg: I'd like an apple instead of a pear.
我想要苹果，而不要梨子。
154 introduce sb to sb 介绍某人给某人
introduce oneself 自我介绍
155 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事
156 It takes sb sometime to do sth 做某人花掉某人多少时间
eg : It took me 5 minutes to do my homework.
It takes me half an hour to cook .
157 It's +adj +for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事怎么样
158 It's +adj +to do 做某事怎么样
159 It's +adj for sb 对于某人来说怎么样
It's +adj of sb 对某人来说太怎么样
160 It's +adj(for sb) to do（对某人来说）做某事怎么样
It's +adj of sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事太怎么样
eg : It's nice of you to help me with my English .
161 It's a good idea for sb to do sth 对…… 来说是个好主意 162 It's important to sb 对某人来说很重要
eg: It's important to me .
163 It's time to do sth It's time for sth
到了该去做某事的时间
eg : It's time to have class .
It's time for class.
164 join = take part in 参加
165 just now 刚才
166 keep +sb /sth +adj /介词短语 让什么保持什么样？
167 keep out 不让 …… 进入
168 keep sb adj 让……保持……
eg: I want to keep my mother happy.
keep healthy 保持健康
169 key to +名词 表示：某物的钥匙或某题的答案
170 key to…
anser to …
key 可以是答题或钥匙
171 laugh at… 取笑……
eg : Don't langh at others We langhed at the joke .
172 learn by oneslfe 自学
173 learn from sb 向某人学习
eg: We should learn from Lei Feng .
174 learn to do sth 学做某事
175 let sb do sth 让某人做某事
176 Let sb down 让某人失望
eg ： We shouldn't let our parents down.
我们不应该让我们的父母失望。
177 live from :离某地远
178 live in +大地方 /at +小地方 居住在某地
179 look after = take care of 照顾 照看
180 lose one's way 谁 迷 路
eg : Lose your way 你迷路
181 make a decision to do sth 决定做某事
182 make friends with sb 和谁成为朋友
eg : I want to make friends with you .
183 make it early 把时间定的早一点
184 make on exhibition of oneself 让某人出洋相
185 make sb /n +n 使什么成为什么
eg : I made her my step moller I made you my wife.
186 make sb /sth +adj 使某人（某物）怎么样
eg : You must made your bed clean .
187 make sb /sth adj 使某人/某物怎么样
188 make sb do sth 让某人做某事
eg : I made him write 我以前让他写
189 make up be made up of (被动语态）由……组成
190 make…difference to…
191 mind sb to do mind one's doing 介意……做什么
192 most +名 most of +代
193 much too +形容词
194 must be 一定
195 need +名词
196 need sb do sth 需要某人做某事
197 need to do (实义动词） need do (情态动词）
199 no +名词
200 not anymore = no more 再也不……
eg: He didn't cry any more / He cried no more .
他再也不哭
201 not… (形 、副）at all
eg: He's not tall at all.
She doesn't junp far at all.
202 not…at all 一点都不
203 not…either 表否定，也不
eg : I don't japanse either.
I don't have sister, either 我也没有姐姐
204 not…until 直到……才……
eg: I didn't sleep until my mother came back .
The child didn't stop crying until I give her sugar .
205 offer / provide sb with sth 给某人提供
206 offer sb sth / offer sth to sb 提供什么东西给某人
eg : I offer you water / I offer water to you .
我给你提供水
207 on one's way to… 在去……的路上
208 on the one hand
on the other hand
209 on the phone = over the phone 用电话交谈
210 on time
211 one day ＝some day ＝someday 一天，将来有一天
212 one of +可数名词的复数形式
213 one to another
一个到另一个
214 over and over again
一遍又一遍的
eg : He cleaned the floor over and over again.
215 part-time job
full-time job
216 pay for…
pay the bill
开钱 ，付钱
217 please +do
218 please help yourself 请随意
219 be pleased with sb
对某人感到满意
220 pour into
川流不息的涌入，源源而来
221 practice +doing
练习做某事
222 prefer sth to sth
相对……更喜欢……
eg : I prefer physics to chemisty.
在物理和化学中，我更喜欢物理
prefer doing to sth 更喜欢去做…不愿意去做…
eg: He prefers riding a bike to diving .
他更喜欢骑自行车，不开小车
prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做…也不愿
eg: My unde prefers to buy a now car rather than repaivthe used one. 我叔叔更喜欢买新的车，也不去修旧车。
prefer sb not to do sth 更愿意…
eg: I prefer her not to come .我不喜欢她不来
223 pretend to do sth 装着去做什么
pretend that 从句
eg : The two cheats pretended to be working very hard. 这两个骗子装着努力工作。
He pretended that he did not know the answer.
他装着不知道答案 。
224 rather…than 宁可……也不……
eg : I would rather be a doctor than a teacher.
我愿肯当医生，也不当老师。
He likes dogs rather than cats. 他喜欢狗，不喜欢猫。
225 regard…as 把……当作……
eg: Please give my best regards to your family. 请带我向你的家人我最好的问候。
I regard you as my friend. 我把你当作我的朋友。
He shows little regard for others. 他不爱关心别人。
226 remid sb about sth
提醒某人什么事
remid sb to do sth
提醒某人做某事
eg : He remids me about cooking /He remids me to cook.他提醒我做饭
227 remid sb of sth
使某人想起什么
eg : The pictures remind me of my school days.
这照片使我想起了我的学校
The words that (which) the teacher talke to remind me of my mother.
228 return sth to sb
还什么东西给某人
229 say to oneself
230 say to sb
231 sb spend somemoney on sth
花了多少钱在某事上
232 sb spend sometime with sb
花了多少时间陪谁
233 sb spend sometime(in) doing sth 花了多少时间做某事
234 sb with sb +is sb and sb +are
235 see sb do 看见某人做过某事
see sb doing
看见某人正在做某事
236 seem to do/be +adj 显得怎么样
eg : You seem to be tired You seem to be happy.
237 send +sb sth 送给某人某物
238 send…to…把什么寄到哪里去？
239 shock 使……震惊
eg : Oh , It's only you ! You give me a shock.
啊，是你呀！吓我一跳。
240 show sb sth 向某人展示某物
eg : I show her the book.
241 show sb sth = show sth to sb 拿什么东西给某人看
eg: Show me your pen =Show your pen to me.
242 show sth to sb
向某人展示某物
eg : I show the book to her.
243 some…others…
一些……另一些……
244 start…with… 从……开始
=begin…with… 从……开始
245 stay away from
eg : We're told to stay away from the animals whe visiting the zoo. 当我们参观动物园时，我们要远离动物。
If you want to lose weight you'd better stay auay from the sweet food. 如果你想减肥，你最好远离甜食。
246 stop doing
停下正在做的事
247 stop sb from doing sth
阻止某人做某事
248 stop sb(from) doing
阻止某人做某事
249 stop to do 停下正在做的事去做其他的事
250 such +名
这样 ，这种
251 suit sb
252 surprise sb
to one's surprise
使……惊讶的是；使……感到震惊
253 take classes
254 take sb to
把某人带去
eg : I'll take you to the hospital.
255 take walks = take a walk ＝ go for a walk
256 ①talk to
eg : I talk to you.
② talk with
eg : I talk with him.
③ talk of
eg : We talked of you.
④ talk about
谈论关于……
257 talk with sb 和某人说话
258 teach sb sth 教某人做某事
259 tell sb do sth 告诉某人做某事
260 tell sb that +从句
tell a story
261 tell sb sth 告诉某人某事
262 tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做什么
tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要做什么
263 tell…from…
264 thank you for +doing
265 the same +名词 / 动名词 + as……
266 as…(adj. / adv.)…as 相同
267 the way to do sth ＝ the way of doing sth.
做……的方法
the way to +地方 去……的路
eg: Do you know the way to learn English?
Do you know the way of learning English?
268 the way to…（地点） 到哪的
269 too…to… 太怎样而不能……
adj +enough to 足够…能…
so…that +丛句
eg: He is too young to go to school.
= He is so young that he can't go to school.
He is old enough to go to school.
＝ He is so old that he can go to school.
270 transalte ……into……
把什么翻译成什么
eg: Trasalte English into chinese.
271 travel with sb
和某人去旅游
272 try one's best to do sth尽某人最大的努力去做某事
eg: I will try my best to learn English well.
273 try to do sth 想干什么，但没成功
try doing sth 想干什么，已经做过了
eg: He tried to climb. 他想爬上去，但没成功
He tried climbing.
他想爬上去，已经做过了
274 try…试衣服
have a try 试一下
275 turn down 开小
turn up 开大
276 turn off 关上
turn on 打开
277 upside down 倒着
278 visit to… 参观某个地方
279 wait for sb 等某人
编辑：安柒
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今日搜狐热点人教版必修1重点词汇、短语、句型、语法全汇总，准高一尤其要看！_突袭网
人教版必修1重点词汇、短语、句型、语法全汇总，准高一尤其要看！
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Unit1 Friendship【重点词汇、短语】1. add up 合计2. upset vt&vi 弄翻，使…不安,使心烦,扰乱 adj. 心烦意乱的,不舒服的,不适的,难过的.3. ignore不理睬、忽视4. calm (使)平静、(使)镇定calm down 平静/镇定下来5. have got to 不得不、必须6. concern (使)担忧、涉及、关系到be concerned about…关心，挂念7. go through 经历、经受8. set down 记下、放下、登记9. a series of 一系列10. on purpose 故意11. in order to 为了……
展开剩余98%
12. at dusk 在黄昏时刻13. face to face 面对面地14. no longer/not…any longer 不再……15. settle 安家、定居、停留16. suffer 遭受、忍受、经历17. suffer from 遭受、患病18. recover 痊愈、恢复、重新获得19. get/be tired of 对……厌烦20. pack 捆扎，包装/包裹21. pack (sth) up 将（东西）装箱打包22. get along with 与……相处23. fall in love 爱上24. disagree 不同意25. join in 参加【重点句型】1. It was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to face. （从句时态用完成时）这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。2. I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.（强调句）我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。3. I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself.有一天晚上，我熬到11点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮一次。4. Your friend, who doesn’t work hard, asks you to help him cheat in the end-of-term exam.（非限制性定语从句）你的一个朋友叫你在期末考试中帮他作弊，这个朋友平常不认真学习。5. If you have some trouble (in) getting along with your friends, you can write to the editor and ask for advice.如果你在和朋友的相处上有问题，你可以写信给编辑向他征求建议。6. Add up your score and see how many points you can get.把你的得分加起来，看看得了多少。7. What he did has added to our difficulties.他的所作所为增加了我们的困难。8. His income adds up to $1000 a month.他每月的收入共计1000美元。9. It's no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.观看这些已不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须体验的。10. Why is she so concerned about his attitude to her work?她为什么那么关注他对她的工作的看法？11. The police asked him to set down what he had seen in a report.警察让他在报告中写下他所看见的事情。12. As I was about to go out and search for him, he happened to come in.正当我打算出去找他时，他恰巧进来。13. Mr. Jones lives alone and often feels lonely.琼斯先生单独一人生活，常常感到孤独。14. We tried to calm him down, but he kept crying.我们试图让他平静下来，但他仍不停地哭着。15) Does he dare (to) go out at night in such stormy weather?他敢在这样一个暴风雨夜外出吗？16. He would go through fire and water for his country.他愿为国家赴汤蹈火。17. That country suffered a heavy loss in the flood.那个国家在水灾中遭受严重的损失。【语法总结】直接引语和间接引语（一）直接引语：直接引述别人的原话。一般前后要加引号。间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话。间接引语在多数情况下可构成宾语从句且不要加引号。例： Mr. Black said, “ I’m busy.” Mr. Black said that he was busy.变化规则1. 陈述句的变化规则直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that（可省略）引导，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语都要发生相应的变化。（1）人称的变化——人称的变化主要是要理解句子的意思例：1. He said, “ I like it very much.” → He said that he liked it very much.2. He said to me, “I'v left my book in your room.”→ He told me that he had left his book in my room.例：“I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary,” said Anne.→Anne said that she didn’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary.The boy said, “I’m using a knife.”→ The boy said that he was using a knife.▲注意：如果直接引语是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变，如：He said, “Light travels much faster than sound.”He said that light travels much faster than sound.（3）指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化2. 疑问句的变化规则如果直接引语是疑问句，变为间接引语时要把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序，句末用句号。（1）一般疑问句：如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，谓语动词是say或said时，要改为 ask 或asked,原问句变为由if/whether 引导的宾语从句。例:“Do you think a diary can become your friend?” the writer says.→ The writer asks us if we think a diary can become our friend.（2）特殊疑问句：如果间接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，仍用原来的引导词，但疑问句要变为陈述句。例：“What do you want?” he asked me.→ He asked me what I wantedUnit2 English around the world【重点词汇、短语】1. because of 因为、由于2. come up 走近、上来、提出3. actually 实际上、事实上4. base 以…为基础，根基5. at present 目前6. make use of 利用7. such as 例如8. command 命令、指令、掌握9. request 请求、要求10. play a part/role in 扮演一个角色11. recognize 辨认出、承认、公认12. straight 直接、挺直、笔直的13. be different from 与…不同be the same as 和…一样14. one another 相互，彼此（=each other）15. at the end of 在…结束时16. because of 因为（后接名词或名词性短语）because 因为（后接句子）17. be based on 根据，依据18. at present 目前；当今19. especially 特别，尤其specially 专门地20. make use of 利用…make the best of 充分利用…21. a large number of 大量的，很多（作主语时，谓语动词用复数）the number of …的数量（作主语时，谓语动词用单数）22. in fact = actually= as a matter of fact 事实上23. make lists of… 列清单24. included 包括（前面接包括的对象）including包括（后面接包括的对象）25. command sb. to do sth. 命令某人去做某事command + that 从句（从句用should+V原）26. request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事request + that 从句(从句用should+V原)【重点句型】1. World Englishes come from those countries where English plays an important role as a first or second language, either because of foreign rule or because of its special role as an international language.（定语从句）世界英语来自那些以英语为第一或第二语言的国家，英语在这些国家起重要作用，或是因为外国的统治，或是因为其作为国际语言的特殊地位。2. All languages change when cultures communicate with one another.当不同的语言互相沟通时，所有的语言都会发生变化。3. Actually, the English spoken between about AD 450 and 1150 was based more on German than present day English.实际上，从公元450年到1150年，人们所说的英语更多的是以德语为基础的，而现代英语不是。4. Would you please come up to my flat for a visit?请到我的公寓里来坐坐，好吗？5. Believe it or not, he cheated in the exams.信不信由你，他在考试中作弊。6. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以互相交流。 7. Today the number of people learning English in China is larger than even before.目前在中国学习英语的人数比以往任何时候都多。8. It is the duty of a government to provide education for the children of its country. （it作形式主语）政府的责任是为其国家的小孩提供教育。9. Reading is one of the best ways of improving your vocabulary and usage.阅读是帮助你改善词汇及其用法的最好方法之一。10. Giving commands is less polite than making a request.发号命令比发出请求粗鲁。11. We asked her for directions and she told us to go round the corner on the left and keep going straight for two blocks.我们向她问路，她告诉我们往左边拐弯后直走两个街区。12. He knows several languages, such as English, French and German.他懂几种语言，例如英语、法语和德语。【语法总结】直接引语和间接引语（二）3. 祈使句的变化规则如果直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并根据句子意思在不定式前加上tell/ask/order等动词，如果祈使句是否定句，在不定式前面还要加上not。例：The hostess said to us, “Please sit down.”→ The hostess asked us to sit down.He said, “Don’t make so much noise, boys.”→ He told the boys not to make so much noise.Unit3 Travel journal【重点词汇、短语】1. travel----泛指旅行journey----指长时间长距离的陆上旅行voyage----指长距离的水上旅行，也可以指乘飞机旅行trip----常指短时间短距离的旅行tour----指周游，巡回旅游2. prefer A to B 比起B，更喜欢Aprefer doing to doing 比起做…，宁愿做…prefer to do rather than do 与其做…, 不如…3. flow through 流过，流经4. ever since 自从5. persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事6. be fond of 喜欢7. insist on doing 坚持做某事insist + that 从句（用should+ V原）8. care about 关心9. change one’s mind 改变想法10. altitude 高度attitude 态度，看法11. make up one’s mind to do下定决心做某事= decide to do = make a decision to do12. give in 让步，屈服give up 放弃13. be surprised to… 对…感到惊奇to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是…14. at last = finally = in the end 最终15. stop to do 停下来去做某事stop doing 停止做某事16. as usual 像往常一样17. so…that 如此…以至于…so + adj + a/an + n. + thatsuch + a/an +adj. + n. + that18. be familiar with 对…熟悉（人作主语）be familiar to 为…所熟悉（物作主语）【重点句型】1. My sister and I have dreamed about cycling along the Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends. 我姐姐和我一直梦想要沿湄公河从源头到终点骑车旅行。2. The man insisted that he didn’t steal anything and he (should) be set free at once. (陈述语气、虚拟语气)这男人坚持自己没有偷东西，他坚持说他应该立刻被释放。3. She gave me a determined look ?C the kind that said she wouldn’t change her mind.她给了我一个坚定的眼神——这种眼神表明她是不会改变主意的。4. He is so stubborn that no one can persuade him to do anything.他是如此的固执以致没有人能说服他做任何事。5. My sister doesn’t care about details.我的姐姐是不会考虑细节的。6. She is a determined woman. Once she determines to do something, she will do it well.她是个意志坚强的人。如果她下决心做什么事，就一定要做好。7. He recorded the important events ad his afterthoughts in his travel journal. 在旅行日记中，他记下了重大的事件及自己的想法。8. I am not familiar with this city, because this is my first visit.我对这个城市不熟悉，因为这是我的第一次来访。9. I don’t think it is necessary for us to give in.我认为我们没有必要让步。10. The topics of a travel journal can be different from a diary, often including people, things, and events less familiar to readers.游记的主题可以和日记不同，经常包括那些读者不太熟悉的人和事。11. It was great fun to put up tents here.在这儿搭帐篷真好玩。【语法总结】现在进行时表将来表示在近期按计划或安排要发生的动作。① 瞬时动词的进行时在任何情况下都表示将来含义。这些动词包括go , come , leave，arrive , return等。I am leaving.我将要离开了。I am leaving tomorrow. 我将会明天离开。② 持续动词的进行时，只有在有将来时间状语或将来语境的情况下才可以表示将来含义。An American professor is giving a lecture this afternoon. 今天下午一位美国教授将要作报告。（将来含义）An American professor is giving a lecture.一个美国教授正在作报告。（进行含义）Unit4 Earthquakes【重点词汇、短语】1. right away 立刻，马上（= at once = in no time）2. asleep 睡着的；熟睡地（fall asleep 入睡）sleep 睡；睡眠sleepy 犯困的3. it seems that/as if… 看来好像…；似乎4. in ruins 成为废墟5. the number of …的数量（做主语时，谓语动词用单数）a number of 大量（做主语时，谓语动词用复数）6. rescue workers 营救人员come to one’s rescue 营救某人7. be trapped 被困8. how long 多长时间how often 多久一次，指频率how soon 还要多久（用于将来时当中，用in+时间段回答）9. hundreds of thousands of 成千上万的10. dig out 挖出11. shake----泛指“动摇，震动”,常指左右、上下动摇，也可以指人“震惊，颤抖”例：She felt the earth shaking under him.She was shaken with anger.quake---- 指较强烈的震动，如地震The building quaked on its foundation.tremble---- 指人由于寒冷、恐惧、不安等引起的身体的抖动或声音的颤抖例：Suddenly I saw her lips begin to tremble and tears begin to flow down her cheeks.shiver---- 多指寒冷引起的颤抖、哆嗦例：A sudden gust of cold wind made me shiver.12. rise (rose—risen)---- vi, 上升；升起， 无被动语态give rise to 引起raise（raised—raised）---- vt, 举起；筹集；养育arise ( arose—arisen)----vt, 出现（常指问题或现象）13. injure---- 常指因意外事故造成的损伤，也可以指感情上名誉上的伤害例：He was injured in a car accident.harm---- 泛指“伤害，损害”，既可以指有生命的，也可以指无生命的例：He was afraid that his fury(暴怒) would harm the child.His business was harmed for some reason.hurt---- 既可以指肉体上的伤害，也可以指精神上的伤害例：She hurt her leg when she fell.He felt hurt at your word.wound---- 一般指枪伤、刀伤等在战场上受的伤例：The bullet wounded him in the arm.14. be prepared for …= make preparations for… 为…做准备15. in one’s honor 向…表示敬意；为纪念be/feel honored to do… 做…感到很荣幸16. make /give/deliver a speech 发言opening speech 开幕词17. give/ provide shelter to… 向…提供庇护所seek shelter from… 躲避18. happen to do sth. 偶然；碰巧happen ----指偶然发生take place----指事先计划好的事情发生【重点句型】1. The number of people who were killed or injured in the earthquake reached more than 400,000.（定语从句）死伤的人数达到40多万。2. The army organized the rescue workers to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. （定语从句）部队组织救援人员将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。3. All hope was not lost. = Not all hope was lost.（部分否定）不是所有的希望都破灭了。4. None of us were allowed to go there.（全部否定）我们全都不许去那里。5. He rescued the man from drowning.他救了一男子使之免遭溺毙。6. An earthquake left the whole city in ruins.地震过后，全城到处是残垣断壁。7. I feel highly honoured by your trust.得到你的信任，我感到非常荣幸。8. Professor Yu organized his thoughts before giving the speech.于教授在演讲之前组织了一下思路。9. Many people took shelter from the rain in the department store.许多人在百货公司里避雨。10. It seemed that the world was at an end as the earthquake destroyed nearly everything.世界似乎到了末日，因为地震几乎毁了一切。11. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.人们开始纳闷，这场灾难还会持续多久？12. They used candles all the time instead of electricity.他们一直用蜡烛，没有用电。13. The one million people of the city, who thought little of these strange events, went to bed as usual that night.（非限制性定语从句）这城市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些奇怪的情况当一回事，当天晚上照常上床睡觉了。 14. We’d better prepare him for the bad news.我们最好让他做好知道这个坏消息的心理准备。15. The rubbish gave out a smelly gas.垃圾发出一阵臭味。16. I am getting in touch with him right away.我马上跟他联系。17. Are you willing to do public service work without pay?你愿意无偿从事公益活动吗？18. Do you easily lose heart when you are in trouble?你处于不幸中时容易丧失信心吗？【语法总结】定语从句概念：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。成分：先行词，即被定语从句修饰的名词或代词；关系代词：that，which，who(宾格为whom,所有格为whose)；或者关系副词where，when，why等。关系代词或关系副词处在先行词和定语从句之间，起着连接主从句的作用。1. 关系代词that的用法关系代词that在定语从句中既能指人，也能指物；既能做主语，也能做宾语。例：1）A plane is a machine that can fly. (指物，作主语)2）The noodles (that) I cooked were delicious. (指物，作宾语，可省略)3）Who is the man that is reading a book over there? (指人，作主语)4）The girl (that) we saw yesterday was Jim’s sister,(指人，作宾语，可省略)2. 关系代词which的用法关系代词which在定语从句中只能指物，既可以做宾语也能作主语。例：1）They planted some trees which didn’t need much water. (作主语)2）The fish (which) we bought this morning were not fresh. (作宾语，可省略)3. 关系代词who，whom的用法关系代词who,whom 只能指人，在定语从句中分别作主语和宾语例：1）The foreigner who helped us yesterday is from USA.(作主语)2）The person to whom you just talked to is Mr. Li. (作宾语，可省略)4. 关系代词whose的用法关系代词whose为关系代词who的所有格形式，其先行词既可以是人也可以是物，whose和它所修饰的名词在定语从句中既可以做主语也可以做宾语。例：1）This is the scientist whose name is known all over the world. (指人，作主语)2） The room whose window faces south is mine. (指物，作主语)3）He has written a book whose name I’ve forgotten. (指物，作宾语)5. 关系副词when的用法关系副词when在定语从句中作时间状语例：1）I’ll never forget the time when (=during which) we worked on the farm.2) Do you remember the afternoon when (=on which) we first met three years ago?6. 关系副词where在定语从句中的用法关系副词where在定语从句中做地点状语例：1）This is the place where( =at/in which) we first met.2) The hotel where (= in which ) we stayed wasn’t very clean.7. 关系副词why在定语从句中的用法关系副词why在定语从句中作原因状语例: 1). I didn’t get a pay rise, but this wasn’t the reason why(= for which) I left.2). The reason why (=for which) he has late was that he missed the train.Unit5 Nelson Mandela – a modern hero【重点词汇、短语】1. selfish 自私的selfless 无私的2. devote oneself to… 致力于；献身于3. fight against 对抗，反对fight for 为…而战4. principle 原则principal 校长；主要的5. offer guidance to… 给…提供指导6. out of work 失业7. join 加入（组织，俱乐部，成为其中一员）join in 参加（活动）take part in 参加（活动）8. as + adj +as one can 尽可能…= as + adj. +as possible9. as a matter of fact 事实上（=in fact）10. blow up 爆炸，炸掉11. set up 建立；set about 着手，开始做（ set about doing sth.）；set off 出发，动身 ; set out 开始，出发（set out to do sth.）12. be sentenced to 被判…13. be equal to 与…相等；胜任14. be proud of 为…感到自豪15. give out 分发 give off 散发出（气味）16. die for 为…而死die of 死于（自身原因，如疾病）die from 死于（外在原因，如车祸）17. realize one’s dream of … 实现..的梦想18. only 位于句首时，要主谓部分倒装例：Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.Only in this way, can we protect the environment better.【重点句型】1. The time when I first met him was a very difficult period of my life.第一次见到他的时候是在我一生中非常艰难的时期。（定语从句）2. It is a doctor’s job to advise patients on health problems.医生的职责就是向病人提供有关健康的建议。3. As a matter of fact, I was worried about whether I would be out of work.事实上我担心我是不是会失业。4. After getting up, he always drinks a glass of water, which he believes is good for his health. （非限制性定语从句）每天起床后，他都喝一杯水，他认为这对他的身体有好处。5. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all. （定语从句）过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。6. In his life, he has always tried to help those who are less fortunate than himself. （定语从句）在他的一生中，他总是设法帮助那些比他不幸的人。7. Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.（倒装句）只有到这个时候我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。8. Only some of the children seemed to have understood it.似乎只有一部分孩子明白。9. The school where I studied only two years was three kilometers away.那所我仅仅读了两年的学校有三公里远。（定语从句）10. The parts of town where they lived were places decided by white people.（过去分词作后置定语）他们在城里的住宅区都是由白人决定的。11. Before he came to power, he was once put in prison for years.在掌权之前，他曾经坐了几年牢。12. This was my reward after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks.这是我毕生为争取黑人的平等权利而斗争所得到的回报。13. He was sentenced to three years in prison for stealing.他因偷窃被判处三年监禁。14. He set up a black law firm to help those poor black people.他开设了一间黑人律师事务所帮助那些穷苦的黑人。15. In 1963, I helped him blow up some government buildings.在1963年，我帮助他炸毁了一些政府大楼。16. My family could not continue to pay my school fee.我的家庭无法继续支付我的学费。17. He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have been asleep.（虚拟语气）在午餐的休息时间和晚上我们本应该睡觉的时候他教授我们。声明：文章由高中学习资料库（gzxxzlk）综合整理，转载请注明出处，如涉及侵权请联系删除！
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