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SmallEarly View (Online Version of Record published before inclusion in an issue)Editor-in-Chief: Jos& O Deputy Editors: Yan Li, Guangchen XuOnline ISSN: Associated Title(s): , , , , , , , , ,
Select AllVIEW1 - 100Xin Zhao, Ziming Yuan, Lara Yildirimer, Jingwen Zhao, Zhi Yuan (William) Lin, Zhi Cao, Guoqing Pan and Wenguo CuiArticle first published online: 29 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. A smart, tumor-trigged, controlled drug release using inorganic &caps& with CO3 2& functional groups in electrospun fibers is presented for inhibiting cancer relapse. When the drug-loaded intelligent electrospun fibers encounter pathological acidic environments, the inorganic gates react with the acids and produce CO2 gas, which enables water penetration into the core of the fibers to induce rapid drug release.
M. A. Otte, V. Solis-Tinoco, P. Prieto, X. Borris&, L. M. Lechuga, M. U. Gonz&lez and B. SepulvedaArticle first published online: 28 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Based on metal-assisted chemical etching using a catalytic gold layer perforated with nanoholes, it is demonstrated how high aspect-ratio nanostructure arrays with directional height gradients can be accurately tailored by: i) control of mass transport through the nanohole array, ii) mechanical properties of the perforated metal layer, and iii) conductive coupling to the surrounding gold film to accelerate the local electrochemical etching process.
Sheng-Chieh Liao, Yong-Lun Chen, Wei-Cheng Kuo, Jeffrey Cheung, Wei-Cheng Wang, Xuan Cheng, Yi-Ying Chin, Yu-Ze Chen, Heng-Jui Liu, Hong-Ji Lin, Chien-Te Chen, Jeng-Yih Juang, Yu-Lun Chueh, Valanoor Nagarajan, Ying-Hao Chu and Chih-Huang LaiArticle first published online: 28 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Epitaxial core&shell CoO&CoFe2O4 nanocrystals are fabricated by using pulsed laser deposition with the aid of melted material (Bi2O3) addition and suitable lattice mismatch provided by substrates (SrTiO3). Well aligned orientations among nanocrystals and reversible core&shell sequence reveal tunable magnetic anisotropy. The interfacial coupling between core and shell further engineers the nanocrystal functionality.
Juyao Dong and Jeffrey I. ZinkArticle first published online: 28 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. In upconversion nanocrystal-embedded nanoimpeller particles, whether IR light-stimulated cargo release results from upconverted, light-activated photo&isomerization or from the optical heating-initiated cargo diffusion is thoroughly examined.
Ziwen Dai, Dick Yan Tam, Hailiang Xu, Miu Shan Chan, Ling Sum Liu, Fr&d&ric Bolze, Xiao Hua Sun and Pik Kwan LoArticle first published online: 26 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Two-photon-regulated, shape-changing DNA nanostructures are demonstrated by integrating a DNA nanotube with a two-photon photocleavable module that enables the opening of the cavities of tube, and becomes partially single-stranded in response to two-photon excitation under 800 nm fs laser pulses.
Ioannis Lignos, Stavros Stavrakis, Ardita Kilaj and Andrew J. deMelloArticle first published online: 21 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. A droplet-based microfluidic system with integrated absorbance and fluorescence detection is used for the online screening of nucleation and growth of lead sulfide (PbS) nanoparticles at a millisecond time scale. The novel approach reveals the fundamental mechanisms, which govern PbS quantum dot formation at high temperatures and its adoption allows for high-throughput measurements gaining mechanistic understanding of various nanoparticle syntheses.
Kuraganti Vasu, Sharma S. R. K. C. Yamijala, Alla Zak, Kothandam Gopalakrishnan, Swapan K. Pati and C. N. R. RaoArticle first published online: 21 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. The preparation of 1D WS2 and MoS2 flexible nanoribbons by laser-induced unzipping of the nanotubes is reported. The nanoribbons are of high quality, uniform width, and devoid of surface contamination. The zig-zag edges in WS2 nanoribbons give rise to ferromagnetism at room temperature.
Prabuddha Mukherjee, Santosh K. Misra, Mark C. Gryka, Huei-Huei Chang, Saumya Tiwari, William L. Wilson, John W. Scott, Rohit Bhargava and Dipanjan PanArticle first published online: 20 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Two sets of luminescent carbon nanoparticles are synthesized using simple hydrothermal methods with tunable passivating polymers (MA-PEG and thermoresponsive PNIPAM) for applications in near-infrared imaging and controlled drug delivery. The physical characteristics of the luminescent carbon nanoparticles, their cellular uptake, spatial distribution over tissues, depth penetration through Raman fluorescence, and 3D fluorescence techniques are measured.
Lu Su, Weiyi Zhang, Xiulong Wu, Yufei Zhang, Xi Chen, Guangwei Liu, Guosong Chen and Ming JiangArticle first published online: 20 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Self-assembled glyco-nanoparticles as artificial glycocalyx are shown to successfully induce the polarization of mouse primary peritoneal macrophages from immunosuppressive type (M2) to inflammatory one (M1), which may shed light on cancer immunotherapy because it is known that M2 phenotype play critical role in tumor-induced immunosuppression.
Weiyi Qian, Yan Zhang and Weiqiang ChenArticle first published online: 20 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Capturing circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from the bloodstream and characterizing these cells hold great significance for the detection, characterization, and monitoring of cancer. This review provides a summary of emerging micro/nanotechnologies for CTC capture, characterization, and application, as well as future directions in cancer research.
Shun Li, Bandar AlOtaibi, Wei Huang, Zetian Mi, Nick Serpone, Riad Nechache and Federico RoseiArticle first published online: 19 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. A new photocathode material Bi2FeCrO6 with a small bandgap (1.9&2.1 eV) and a suitable conduction band position to photoreduce water to H2 is reported. The highest photocurrent density (ca. &1.0 mA cm&2) is obtained at ca. &1.0 V versus a reversible hydrogen electrode. The photocurrent could be further tuned through modulating the ferroelectric polarization.
Jiabin Cui, Rui Jiang, Suying Xu, Gaofei Hu and Leyu WangArticle first published online: 15 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. A new strategy to synthesize Cu7S4 nanocrystals and greatly enhance the photothermal conversion efficiency up to 65.7% under irradiation of 808 nm near-infrared light by fabricating the Cu7S4 nanosuperlattices is reported.
Juan P. Giraldo, Markita P. Landry, Seon-Yeong Kwak, Rishabh M. Jain, Min Hao Wong, Nicole M. Iverson, Micha Ben-Naim and Michael S. StranoArticle first published online: 15 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Ratiometric optical sensors are developed by using single chirality carbon nanotubes independently functionalized to either report a target analyte, such as nitric oxide, or act as a reference signal for external noise and absolute intensity. This ratiometric approach enables real time optical detection of trace analytes in complex and highly scattering in vivo environments such as plant tissues.
Olga Volotskova, Conroy Sun, Jason H. Stafford, Ai Leen Koh, Xiaowei Ma, Zhen Cheng, Bianxiao Cui, Guillem Pratx and Lei XingArticle first published online: 13 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Few atom gold nanoclusters conjugated with blood serum proteins (AuNCs) are shown to be a highly effective ionizing energy transfer mediators suitable for optical in vivo radioisotope imaging. Clinically used beta-emitting radioisotopes Fluorine-18 and Yttrium-90, known to produce Cerenkov signal in living tissue, and Technetium-99m, a pure gamma emitter are tested. Results suggest that AuNCs can be excited by radioisotopes via direct and indirect beta particle interactions.
Michael Zenou, Amir Sa'ar and Zvi KotlerArticle first published online: 12 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. 3D copper logos printed on epoxy glass laminates are demonstrated. The structures are printed using laser transfer of molten metal microdroplets. The example in the image shows letters of 50 &m width, with each letter being taller than the last, from a height of 40 &m (&s&) to 190 &m (&l&). The scanning microscopy image is taken at a tilt, and the topographic image was taken using interferometric 3D microscopy, to show the effective control of this technique.
Qinglei Guo, Miao Zhang, Zhongying Xue, Gang Wang, Da Chen, Ronggen Cao, Gaoshan Huang, Yongfeng Mei, Zengfeng Di and Xi WangArticle first published online: 12 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. A combined and controllable approach called edge-cutting transfer is proposed for the precise assembly of semiconductor nanoribbons with defined widths (down to submicrometers) and lengths (up to millimeters) on flexible substrates. This technology may provide a practical, reliable, and cost-efficient strategy for transfer and printing routines, thus expediting its potential application for roll-to-roll production of flexible devices.
Yong Jun Li, Xiao Xiong, Chang-Ling Zou, Xi Feng Ren and Yong Sheng ZhaoArticle first published online: 12 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Photonic components built from 1D dielectric/metallic hybrid systems can break the diffraction limit and have low loss, and have been greatly developed. In this review, basic optical properties of both dielectric and metallic nanowires are described, and recent achievements of hybrid dielectric/metallic nanowire systems in the photonics applications are presented.
Xiaopin Duan, Demin Liu, Christina Chan and Wenbin LinArticle first published online: 12 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Polymeric micelles carrying DNA-targeting organometallic complexes are more efficiently internalized by cancer cells than the corresponding complexes, and selectively dissociate and release organometallic anticancer agents within late endosomes and lysosomes, thereby enhancing drug delivery to the nuclei of cancer cells and facilitating their interactions with DNA. As a result, the micelle displays higher antitumor activity than the organometallic complex alone.
Rajendra Kurapati, Julie Russier, Marco A. Squillaci, Emanuele Treossi, C&cilia M&nard-Moyon, Antonio Esa& Del Rio-Castillo, Ester Vazquez, Paolo Samor&, Vincenzo Palermo and Alberto BiancoArticle first published online: 8 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. The dispersibility dependent biodegradation of the graphene oxide (GO) is demonstrated by using oxidative catalysis of myeloperoxidase (hMPO) derived from human neutrophils in the presence of a low concentration of hydrogen peroxide. hMPO can completely degrade the most dispersible GO but failed in degrading the least dispersed (aggregated) sample. The surface charge as well as aqueous dispersiblity of GO samples are playing crucial role in the biodegradation by hMPO.
Connie B. Chang, James N. Wilking, Shin-Hyun Kim, Ho Cheung Shum and David A. WeitzArticle first published online: 8 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Bacterial biofilms are grown at oil&water interfaces in microscale, monodisperse double and triple emulsions created using drop-based microfluidics. Cellular differentiation of a model biofilm-forming bacterium, Bacillus subtilis, is observed in these emulsion microenvironments. Surfactant and oil chemistry direct the preferential localization of biofilm growth at liquid interfaces. These emulsions can be applied towards high-throughput screening of bacterial biofilms.
Jie Wang, Luoran Shang, Yao Cheng, Haibo Ding, Yuanjin Zhao and Zhongze GuArticle first published online: 7 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Porous particles encapsulating spongy graphene are generated from a microfluidic device and used as adsorbents for water treatment. The amphiphilic surface characteristics result from hydrophobic graphene cores and hydrophilic shells, together with the porous structure, ensure the particles have the ability to absorb oils that are either floating on the water or are under water.
Corianne C. vandenAkker, Tanja Deckert-Gaudig, Michael Schleeger, Krassimir P. Velikov, Volker Deckert, Mischa Bonn and Gijsje H. KoenderinkArticle first published online: 7 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. The surface of amyloid fibrils, the pathological deposition of aggregated proteins, likely plays an important role in their toxicity. Here the surface structure is probed with nanoscale resolution using tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. In contrast to the &-sheet-rich core, the fibril surface mainly contains unordered or &-helical structures. These results experimentally validate recent models of amyloids based on NMR measurements.
Yuanhao Jin, Qunqing Li, Mo Chen, Guanhong Li, Yudan Zhao, Xiaoyang Xiao, Jiaping Wang, Kaili Jiang and Shoushan FanArticle first published online: 6 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. The surface modification of LEDs based on GaAs is realized by super-aligned multiwalled carbon nanotube (SACNT) networks as etching masks. The surface morphology of SACNT networks is transferred to the GaAs. It is found that the light output power of LEDs based on GaAs with a nanostructured surface morphology is greatly enhanced with the electrical power unchanged.
Yoonkap Kim, Han-Jung Kim, Jae-Hyun Kim, Dae-Geun Choi, Jun-Hyuk Choi, Joo-Yun Jung, Sohee Jeon, Eung-Sug Lee, Jun-Ho Jeong and Jihye LeeArticle first published online: 5 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. A rapid low-temperature transfer bonding method is developed to fabricate 3D nano-architectures suitable for application in flexible electronics. High frequency vibration is used to achieve the transfer bonding within a few seconds, resulting in a polymer-matrix-free vertical integration of SiNWs on a graphene/PET substrate. This 3D integration creates a mechanically robust and electrically Ohmic contact.
Joseph M. Slocik, Lawrence F. Drummy, Matthew B. Dickerson, Christopher A. Crouse, Jonathan E. Spowart and Rajesh R. NaikArticle first published online: 5 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Synthetic hemozoin crystals (&-hematin) are assembled with aluminium nanoparticles (nAl) to create a nanomaterial composite that is highly energetic and reactive. The results here demonstrate that hemozoin rapidly oxidizes the nAl fuel to release large amounts of energy (+12.5 & 2.4 kJ g&1).
Mariano D. Susman, Ronit Popovitz-Biro, Alexander Vaskevich and Israel RubinsteinArticle first published online: 4 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. While the pH is commonly considered an irrelevant parameter in metal/metal galvanic replacement (GR) reactions, a strong pH dependence is observed in the GR of Cu2O nanocrystals (NCs) by Au(III) and Pd(II). Control of the pH and post-GR core etching enable production of metal-decorated Cu2O NCs, uniformly coated Cu2O@Me core&shell nanoarchitectures, and metal nanocages, potentially useful in photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, and sensing.
Liwen Zhang, Xin Wang, Weizong Xu, Yongyi Zhang, Qingwen Li, Philip D. Bradford and Yuntian ZhuArticle first published online: 4 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. A &microcombing& approach is developed to fabricate aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) films with a uniform structure by using sharp surgical blades with micro-sized features at the blade edges. This novel approach can provide high level of nanotube alignment and straightness, which in turn dramatically improves the performances of the as-produced dry CNT films.
Rumi Khandelia, Satyapriya Bhandari, Uday Narayan Pan, Siddhartha Sankar Ghosh and Arun ChattopadhyayArticle first published online: 4 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Gold nanoclusters in albumin nanoparticles (nanovehicles) are used for single-photon and two-photon imaging of cancer cells following the delivery of doxorubicin through the nanovehicle. NIR excitation and emission wavelengths in the biological window (650&900 nm) make the nanovehicle an ideal potential platform for imaging guided drug delivery.
Peng-peng Wang, Hao-yi Li, Huiling Liu, Peilei He, Biao Xu and Xun WangArticle first published online: 4 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Zinc sulfide nanosheet-based hybrid superlattices with tunable periodicities and rod-like or tubular morphologies are constructed by the spontaneous assembly of nanosheets as they grow in amine solution. The as-prepared architectures can be used as an enhanced electrode for photocurrent response and converted to other functional materials.
Gustavo Bodel&n, Ver&nica Montes-Garc&a, Cristina Fern&ndez-L&pez, Isabel Pastoriza-Santos, Jorge P&rez-Juste and Luis M. Liz-Marz&nArticle first published online: 4 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS) tags with a multiplex capability for targeted identification of cellular receptors are prepared by dye encoding poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-encapsulated Au nanooctahedrons. Upon irradiation with a single laser line, the plasmonic microgels are able to discriminate tumor and nontumor cells while co-cultured in vitro. Hence, these SERRS labels may be applied to high-throughput, multiplex assays for in vitro screening and diagnostics.
Petr Lazar, Chun Kiang Chua, Kateřina Hol&, Radek Zbořil, Michal Otyepka and Martin PumeraArticle first published online: 4 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Dichlorocarbene-functionalized fluorographene is synthesized by the reaction of few-layer fluorographene with dichlorocarbene in chloroform. The material is homogenously functionalized across the flake. Density functional theory calculations show that reaction of dichlorocarbene with fluorographene is a two-step process. In the first step, fluorographene is defluorinated and in the latter step, the dichlorocarbene adds to the formed sp2 carbons.
Yuanchen Dong, Zhongqiang Yang and Dongsheng LiuArticle first published online: 4 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Following the principle of frame-guided assembly (FGA), a small amphiphilic molecule, sodium dodecyl sulfate, is shown to form vesicles with cholesterol as the leading hydrophobic group. These findings not only demonstrate the generality of the FGA but also provide a clue to understand the formation mechanism of cell membrane, and even the origin of life.
Jan Berger, Evan J. Spadafora, Pingo Mutombo, Pavel Jel&nek and Martin ŠvecArticle first published online: 3 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. A double tip approaches a silicon surface, passivated by subsurface boron atoms. Vertical manipulation with a surface atom causes sharpening of the tip and opening of a vacancy on the surface. By the newly formed atomically sharp tip, the detailed inner structure of the surface vacancy is observed.
Sungjin Kim, Jae Hong Kim, Joon Seok Lee and Chan Beum ParkArticle first published online: 30 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. The deployment of peptide-based self-assembly has rapidly diversified toward the fabrication of novel functional materials with elaborate nanostructures for application in optics, energy, healthcare, and closely interrelating fields. With a focus on &-sheet formation, peptide-based self-assembled nanomaterials and their recent applications in photonic devices, energy storage and conversion, biosensors, as well as to regenerative medicine are reviewed.
Jaesung Yoon, Sangjoon Kim, Dongjin Kim, Il-Doo Kim, Seungbum Hong and Kwangsoo NoArticle first published online: 30 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Highly ordered and well-aligned PbTiO3/TiN core&shell nanotubes are fabricated via an anodic aluminum oxide templating route followed by TiN and TiO2 atomic layer deposition deposition and a subsequent PbO vapor reaction. PbTiO3/TiN nanotubes keep their original shape after the vapor phase reaction, and they display well-defined piezoresponse hysteresis curves with remnant piezoresponse of 38 pm V&1.
Tae-Ha Gu, Jayavant L. Gunjakar, In Young Kim, Sharad B. Patil, Jang Mee Lee, Xiaoyan Jin, Nam-Suk Lee and Seong-Ju HwangArticle first published online: 30 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. A novel methodology to improve the functionality of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) is developed by adapting the porous hybrid network of graphene and layered metal oxide nanosheets as an immobilization matrix. The resulting nanohybrids show promising supercapacitor electrode performance with excellent rate characteristics, underscoring the merit of a metal oxide&graphene hybrid network for improving the functionality of LDH materials.
Huaixia Zhao, Xinxiong Li, Liuyi Li and Ruihu WangArticle first published online: 30 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. The facile synthesis of palladium N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) particles with spherical, cubic, and honeycomb morphologies is accomplished. The structures of cubic and honeycomb particles are defined as an unprecedented trinuclear palladium&NHC complex. An obvious effect of particle morphologies on catalytic activity and recyclability is observed in hetero&geneous cyanosilylation.
Haiyuan Zhang, Xiang Wang, Meiying Wang, Linjiang Li, Chong Hyun Chang, Zhaoxia Ji, Tian Xia and Andre E. NelArticle first published online: 30 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Different mammalian cell lines show different sensitivities to silver nanoparticles due partly to the efficient activation of antioxidant defense and metallothionein expression in resistant cell lines compared to susceptible cell lines.
Min-Ho Jang, Hyun Dong Ha, Eui-Sup Lee, Fei Liu, Yong-Hyun Kim, Tae Seok Seo and Yong-Hoon ChoArticle first published online: 30 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQDs) are first synthesized without a reduction process. These GOQDs show clear multicolor emissions depending on the number of oxygen functional groups under single-wavelength excitation. Also, it is demonstrated that the optical properties of reduced GOQDs do not match those of GOQDs, corresponding to irreversible optical origins in oxidation and reduction.
Lei Wang, Yijing Liu, Jie He, Matthew J. Hourwitz, Yunlong Yang, John T. Fourkas, Xiaojun Han and Zhihong NieArticle first published online: 30 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll.A microfluidic strategy is developed for the continuous fabrication of hybrid Janus vesicular motors that uniquely combine the capability of autonomous propulsion and externally controlled delivery of encapsulated payload.
Wei Zhang, Yangtao Liu, Chaoji Chen, Zhen Li, Yunhui Huang and Xianluo HuArticle first published online: 30 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Flexible and binder-free Na3V2(PO4)3/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) cathodes and Sb/rGO anodes are fabricated. They exhibit high reversible capacity, excellent cyclability, and high rate capability. This work provides a new way to bendable, low-cost electrodes for next-generation sodium-ion batteries.
Xuejiao Song, Chao Liang, Hua Gong, Qian Chen, Chao Wang and Zhuang LiuArticle first published online: 29 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) preconjugated with photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) is used as the stabilizing agent to facilitate the synthesis of polypyrrole (PPy), obtaining PPy@BSA-Ce6 nanoparticles by a simple one-step method. Utilizing such nanoparticles, in vivo multimodal imaging-guided combined photodynamic and photothermal therapy is carried out, achieving a remarkably improved synergistic therapeutic effect compared to the respective mono-therapy.
Xi Yu, Nikhil Malvankar, Ryan Landis, Serkan Eymur, Oscar R. Miranda and Vincent M. RotelloArticle first published online: 28 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Electronic- and ionic-conducting properties of nanoparticle films are modulated by engineering the charge and flexibility of the ligand. Using impedance spectroscopy, controlled multielectrical functions, the electronic, mixed ionic and electronic, and environment responsive conductance of the nanoparticle film are systematically investigated, and structure&function correlation is explored. A prototype volatile gas sensor based on an ionic ligand-functionalized gold nanoparticle is further demonstrated.
Jie Yang, Hua Wang, Pengfei Hu, Juanjuan Qi, Lin Guo and Lihua WangArticle first published online: 28 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Highly regular NaTi2(PO4)3nanocubes with synergistic nanocoatings of rutile TiO2 and carbon are prepared as an electrode material for sodium-ion batteries. It exhibits a high rate and ultralong life performance simultaneously, and a capacity retention of 89.3% after 10 000 cycles is achieved.
Xu Zhang, Zhaoxu Meng, Jingyun Ma, Yang Shi, Hui Xu, Simon Lykkemark and Jianhua QinArticle first published online: 28 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. A membrane-templated microdevice is developed for the controllable generation of collagen building blocks with a well-defined architecture. These cell-laden collagen blocks can spontaneous self-assemble into vessel-like constructs with predetermined configurations by synergistic effects of cell&cell and cell&matrix interactions. This may open up new avenues for the study of tissue/organ morphogenesis, and tissue engineering applications.
Wantong Song, Zhaohui Tang, Dawei Zhang, Haiyang Yu and Xuesi ChenArticle first published online: 28 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. A strategy for enhancing the treatment efficacy of nanomedicines within the central region of solid tumors is developed by combining nanomedicines and free small-molecule vascular disrupting agents (VDAs). The nanomedicines (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum&loaded nanoparticles) primarily target cells at the tumor periphery whereas the free small-molecule VDA (combretastatin A4 disodium phosphate) efficiently kills the cancer cells within the central regions of the tumor.
Li-Li Tan, Haiwei Li, Yue Zhou, Yuanyuan Zhang, Xiao Feng, Bo Wang and Ying-Wei YangArticle first published online: 28 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Benign activation mechanisms are applied to targeted drug release systems based on monodisperse nanoMOFs with carboxylatopillar[5]arene-based stimuli-responsive supramolecular switches as nanovalves for central nervous system disease therapy by combining physical (thermal heating) and natural biochemical treatment (Zn2+ ion).
Ran Du, Na Zhang, Jinghan Zhu, Ying Wang, Chenyu Xu, Yue Hu, Nannan Mao, Hua Xu, Wenjie Duan, Lin Zhuang, Liangti Qu, Yanglong Hou and Jin ZhangArticle first published online: 28 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. By utilizing the dual roles of the erasable promoter (pyrrole), &clean,& highly conductive and nitrogen-doped CNT aerogels are derived from a promoter-assisted hydrothermal reaction (HTR) coupling with pyrolysis. The resulting materials show excellent performance towards oxygen reduction reaction (ORR).
Seung Kwon Seol, Daeho Kim, Sanghyeon Lee, Jung Hyun Kim, Won Suk Chang and Ji Tae KimArticle first published online: 27 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. 3D printing of metallic microarchitectures with controlled internal structures is realized at room temperature in ambient air conditions by the manipulation of metal ion concentration and pulsed electric potentials in the electrolyte meniscus during the meniscus-guided electrodeposition. Precise control of the printing nozzle enables the drawing of complex 3D microarchitectures with well-defined geometries and positions.
Sibo Wang and Xinchen WangArticle first published online: 27 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Metal&organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown great promise in heterogeneous catalysis for energy and environment applications. This review summarizes the latest development of MOFs as multifunctional materials for photoredox catalysis to operate solar-to-chemical-energy transformations according to their different roles in the photochemical systems, i.e., photocatalysts, co-catalysts, and hosts.
Fuyao Liu, Xiuxia He, Junping Zhang, Huimao Zhang and Zhenxin WangArticle first published online: 27 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Tryptone is employed as the novel ligand to transfer hydrophobic NaGdF4 nanodots into an aqueous phase without any complicated organic synthesis. Animal model experiments show excellent tumor imaging and complete renal clearance within 24 h postinjection. Furthermore, the proposed strategy can easily be extended to other types of hydrophobic inorganic nanoparticles for phase transfer and functionalization.
Liaoyong Wen, Zhijie Wang, Yan Mi, Rui Xu, Shu-Hong Yu and Yong LeiArticle first published online: 27 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Recent progress in energy conversion/storage devices equipped with heterogeneous 1D nanostructure arrays based on anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) nanotechnology is presented in order to address the increasing challenges from diminishing fossil fuels and the requirement of portable energy. Particular emphasis is focused on how to develop efficient devices by optimizing the componential and morphological parameters of the 1D nanostructure arrays.
Xiaoxia Yang, Zhenjun Li, Feng He, Mingju Liu, Bing Bai, Wei Liu, Xiaohui Qiu, Hang Zhou, Chi Li and Qing DaiArticle first published online: 27 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. A highly ordered carbon nanotube array is coated with a hexagonal boron nitride film by a simple, safe, and scalable method. Enhanced field-emission performance is observed with a much lower turn-on electric field, larger total emission current, improved lifetime and stability, and higher emission uniformity due to the coating.
Chunmei Cao, Yuxia Zhang, Dongsheng Liu and Ming MengArticle first published online: 27 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. More than 122 times higher contact efficiency between soot and catalysts is achieved over the as-prepared CeO2 nanobelt array catalysts as compared with the powder nanoparticle catalyst. A novel gravity-driven multiple collision-enhanced soot combustion mechanism is proposed for the first time.
Ruth Aizen, Eyal Golub, Alexander Trifonov, Simcha Shimron, Angelica Niazov-Elkan and Itamar WillnerArticle first published online: 22 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. The K+/18-crown-6-(or [2.2.2] cryptand)-stimulated formation and dissociation of G-quadruplex nanostructures lead to the cyclic and switchable photonic and electrocatalytic molecular devices.
Van Luan Nguyen and Young Hee LeeArticle first published online: 22 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Recent progress in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) graphene growth and characterization methods are reviewed in detail. This covers the efforts of single-nucleation and multi-nucleation approaches towards wafer-scale monocrystalline graphene without any grain boundaries. Moreover, the characterization methods of graphene grain boundaries and orientations from the atomic to the macro-scale are also addressed.
Magdiel I. Setyawati, Chor Yong Tay and David T. LeongArticle first published online: 22 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. The toxicity of food-borne nanoparticles (NPs) is found to be governed by the physicochemical properties of the NPs and the genetic landscape of the cells. The different cellular responses of the various intestinal cell models may involve the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ZnO NPs are found to activate multiple pathways leading to a myriad of cellular responses, including cell-cycle arrest, inflammatory-gene activation, and cell death.
Yu Zhang, Wenping Sun, Xianhong Rui, Bing Li, Hui Teng Tan, Guilue Guo, Srinivasan Madhavi, Yun Zong and Qingyu YanArticle first published online: 21 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. The nanoarchitechture of crystalline core/amorphous shell particles is proposed for enhanced capacitance and cyclability for supercapacitor electrodes. Driven by the concept, uniform transition metal sulfides core/amorphous shell nanospheres with tunable sizes are produced by a facile one-pot solution-based method. The resulting hybrids show great potential for supercapacitor applications.
Xiaoshan Zheng, Cheng Zong, Mengxi Xu, Xiang Wang and Bin RenArticle first published online: 14 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Raman imaging uses the fingerprint molecular information of samples to obtain the distribution of chemical species in a sample without labeling or staining. Combined with surface-enhanced Raman and tip-enhanced Raman effects, it can not only provide a high sensitivity, but also nanometer spatial resolution. Particular emphasis in this Concept article is placed on the future directions and challenges.
Suresh Kumar Garlapati, Tessy Theres Baby, Simone Dehm, Mohammed Hammad, Venkata Sai Kiran Chakravadhanula, Robert Kruk, Horst Hahn and Subho DasguptaArticle first published online: 13 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. An electrolyte-gating approach offers decisive advantage to solution-processed oxide field-effect transistors. Printed oxide semiconductors usually suffer from large surface/interface roughness, resulting mediocre electrical performance compared to sputtered thin films. However, an electrolyte as the gate insulator can provide conformal interface to irregular semiconductor surfaces, consequently, all solution-processed oxide logics with high signal gain become feasible.
Xintao Luo, Wei Xin, Chenhui Yang, Dong Yao, Yi Liu, Hao Zhang, Kai Zhang and Bai YangArticle first published online: 11 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Au-edged CuZnSe2 nanosheets are prepared through a one-pot colloidal chemistry route. This straightforward synthesis route involves the preferential formation of Au clusters and the seeded growth of CuZnSe2 sheets, which is enabled by the lattice matching of CuSe with that of Au. These heterostructured nanosheets exhibited a much improved catalytic performance for the oxygen reduction reaction. As such they hold promise as candidates for fuel-cell applications.
Linliang Yin, Yunze Yang, Shaopeng Wang, Wei Wang, Shengtao Zhang and Nongjian TaoArticle first published online: 11 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. The binding kinetics of antibody-conjugated nanoparticles with specific membrane receptors on intact cells is determined using a plasmonic imaging technique. The nanoconjugates exhibit different binding kinetics compared to that of nanoparticle-free antibodies. Multivalent binding occurs when both antibody density on the nanoparticle and antigen-expressing level on cells are high enough, resulting in much stronger antibody&receptor interactions.
Munkhbayar Batmunkh, Mark J. Biggs and Joseph G. ShapterArticle first published online: 10 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Dye-sensitized solar cells are a promising alternative photovoltaic system to traditional silicon-based solar cells. In the past decade, carbon nanotubes have been extensively used in dye-sensitized solar cells due to their unique structure and excellent properties. This article provides a comprehensive review of carbon nanotubes and their hybrids in each aspect of dye-sensitized solar cells.
K. Jagajjanani Rao, Fei Li, Long Meng, Hairong Zheng, Feiyan Cai and Wei WangArticle first published online: 7 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Ultrasound-powered microswimmers are a type of self-powered nano- or microparticle that has attracted much attention recently. Due to their biocompatibility and versatile functionalities, these microswimmers are of great interest to a wide spectrum of readers. In this article, the recent advances in various aspects of ultrasound-powered microswimmers are critically reviewed, including their propulsion mechanisms, functionalities, and applications.
Si Li, Liguang Xu, Wei Ma, Hua Kuang, Libing Wang and Chuanlai XuArticle first published online: 3 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Here, a triple Raman label-encoded gold nanoparticle (AuNP) trimer is fabricated for heavy metal ion detection. In the presence of target ions, the gold nanoparticles modified with different Raman labels are assembled into trimers and produce different enhancements of Raman reporters, which are functionalized as Raman probes for simultaneous silver and mercury ion detection. Under optimized conditions, the limits of detection of Ag+ and Hg2+ reach 8.42 & 10&12 and 16.78 & 10&12m, respectively.
Haijun Wang, Yali Yuan, Yaqin Chai and Ruo YuanArticle first published online: 2 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. A sandwiched electrochemiluminescence peptide-based biosensor is constructed for CA2 based on two specific peptides designed for selective recognition of CA2 and the nanosheets with hollow, magnetic, and self-enhanced electrochemiluminescence properties.
Cui-e Zhao, Jiansheng Wu, Staffan Kjelleberg, Joachim Say Chey Loo and Qichun ZhangArticle first published online: 1 APR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. The flexible and low-cost polypyrrole nanotube membrane is demonstrated as a promising anode in microbial fuel cells, which significantly enhances the extracellular electron transfer between Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 and the electrode, owing to the large active surface area and high electrical conductivity.
Duyoung Choi, Cihan Kuru, Chulmin Choi, Kunbae Noh, Sookhyun Hwang, Wonbong Choi and Sungho JinArticle first published online: 31 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Nanopatterned graphene with enhanced optical transparency and electrical conductivity is successfully fabricated by a proper combination of nanopatterning and chemical doping. This result has important implications for tuning the electrical and optical properties of graphene simultaneously, as the two properties were previously controlled in opposite ways, e.g., increasing transmittance by scarifying resistivity.
Hanbin Liao, Adrian Fisher and Zhichuan J. XuArticle first published online: 30 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Surface segregation of bimetallic nano&particles may be induced by many factors, such as adsorbates, heat, substrates, and electrochemical reactions. It is a critical issue in bimetallic nanoparticle catalyst engineering. Good control may offer the opportunity to optimize the surface properties of bimetallic nanoparticles, thus promoting their good catalytic performance.
Guichuan Xing, Bo Wu, Shi Chen, Julianto Chua, Natalia Yantara, Subodh Mhaisalkar, Nripan Mathews and Tze Chien SumArticle first published online: 30 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. An electron transfer potential barrier between CH3NH3PbI3 and TiO2 is unveiled through transient spectroscopy, which is also responsible for the strong current&voltage hysteresis observed for this heterojunction.
Lixue Zhang, Sune M. Christensen, Poul Martin Bendix, Vikram Kj&ller Bhatia, Steffen Loft and Dimitrios StamouArticle first published online: 30 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Single nanoparticle analysis: An interferometric optical approach calibrates sizes of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) from the interference intensities by calibrating their interferometric signals against the corresponding transmission electron microscopy measurements. This method is used to investigate whether size affects the diffusion behavior of AuNPs conjugated to supported lipid bilayer membranes and to multiplex the simultaneous detection of three different AuNP labels.
Chuyang Chen, Bryan Harry Rahmat Suryanto, Chuan Zhao, Xuchuan Jiang and Aibing YuArticle first published online: 25 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. The direct hydrothermal synthesis of both carbonaceous silver nanocables and carbonaceous nanotubes with template-free and simple synthesis procedures are demonstrated under mild conditions. The carbonaceous nanostructures, with controllable sizes and porous walls, show potential applications in electrochemical catalysis in oxygen reduction reaction, but at a much lower cost than the commonly used platinum.
Hong Liu, Suoying Zhang, Yayuan Liu, Zhuhong Yang, Xin Feng, Xiaohua Lu and Fengwei HuoArticle first published online: 25 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Supported metal oxide nanoparticles are important in heterogeneous catalysis, however, the ability to tailor their size, structure, and dispersion remains a challenge. A strategy to achieve well-dispersed and size-controlled supported metal oxides through the manageable growth of a metal organic framework (Cu&BTC) on TiO2 is described here, followed by pyrolysis.
Do-Hwan Nam, Kyung-Sik Hong, Sung-Jin Lim, Min-Joong Kim and Hyuk-Sang KwonArticle first published online: 25 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. A 3D porous Sb/Sb2O3&PPy electrode exhibits excellent cycle performance and outstanding rate capabilities due to not only high porosity of the polypyrrole nanowire network but also the buffer effects of the Sb2O3 matrix on the volume expansion of Sb.
Tran Thanh Tung, Cuong Pham-Huu, Izabela Janowska, TaeYoung Kim, Mickael Castro and Jean-Francois FellerArticle first published online: 25 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. The hybrid film of 1D carbon nanotubes and 2D graphene is prepared using poly(ionic liquid) as interlinker for use as dual detection of chemical and temperature sensing. Their responses to trace amount of volatile organic compounds or small temperature gradient with fast response, high sensitivity, and stability, may offer a new platform for the chemo-resistive or thermoelectric temperature sensors.
Henry Medina, Chih-Chi Huang, Hung-Chiao Lin, Yu-Hsian Huang, Yu-Ze Chen, Wen-Chun Yen and Yu-Lun ChuehArticle first published online: 24 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Few-layer graphene is directly synthesized on insulating substrates by laser irradiation. The segregation of graphene layers is manipulated by tuning the metal layer thickness. Submicrometer patterning resolution can be achieved by an intermediate metal layer pattern using lithography methods.
Zhong-Peng Lv, Bin Chen, Hai-Ying Wang, Yue Wu and Jing-Lin ZuoArticle first published online: 24 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Nanoassemblies based on eight charge&transfer supra-amphiphiles with tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) derivative moieties are engineered and synthesized. The mechanism of forming uniform structures with charge&transfer TTF moieties (nanosheets, nanorods, and nanofibers, etc.) is clarified. Moreover, supra-amphiphile-driven organic nanoparticle assembly system with multidimensional structures is developed.
Yi Wang, Ying Meng, Shanshan Wang, Chengyi Li, Wei Shi, Jian Chen, Jianxin Wang and Rongqin HuangArticle first published online: 24 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. A one-step direct solvothermal reaction of 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) is developed to derive pmisolymer-coated nitrogen-doped carbon nanodots (pN-CNDs) with high water solubility and excellent biocompatibility. The pN-CNDs can expediently enter glioma cells in vitro and mediate glioma fluorescence imaging in vivo with good contrast via enhanced passive targeting.
A&da Mart&n, Beatriz Jurado-S&nchez, Alberto Escarpa and Joseph WangArticle first published online: 24 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Graphene-based catalytic tubular microengines with extremely high electrocatalytic activity and propulsion efficiency are described. The effective movement and catalytic activity reflect the porous metallic surface associated with the template-deposited outer graphene layer. The fast catalytic locomotion and attractive performance of the new graphene/metal micromotors hold considerable promise for diverse applications.
Bo Chen, Qinglang Ma, Chaoliang Tan, Teik-Thye Lim, Ling Huang and Hua ZhangArticle first published online: 23 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Carbon-based 3D macroscopic architectures (e.g., carbon aerogels) have received great interest due to their outstanding properties. This review reports the current status of design, preparation and utilization of carbon-based 3D macroscopic architectures derived from carbon nanotubes, graphene, biomass, or synthetic polymers, focusing on their applications for water remediation, such as cleanup of oil, organics, dyes, and ions.
Yingzhi Li, Jie Dong, Junxian Zhang, Xin Zhao, Pingping Yu, Lei Jin and Qinghua ZhangArticle first published online: 19 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. The precursor polyimide membrane is fabricated by electrospun and carbonized to obtain the free-standing, flexible, and N-doped CarbonPI membrane. The doping configurations of quaternary nitrogen facilitate the CarbonPI membrane exhibiting the high volumetric capacitance and power capability. The morphology and structure of CarbonPI electrodes are visualized during various cycles.
Jun Hyung Lim, Geun Chul Park, Seung Muk Lee, Jung Heon Lee, Butaek Lim, Soo Min Hwang, Jung Ho Kim, Hansoo Park, Jinho Joo and Young-Pil KimArticle first published online: 19 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. A ZnO nanorod and quantum dot-coordinated bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) system is demonstrated. By taking advantage of controlling the surface geometry using a facile hydrothermal method, surface-tunable ZnO nanorods provide both a large surface area and a coordinating site for advanced BRET systems, where hexahistidine-tagged Renilla luciferase and carboxylated quantum dots are used as the energy donors and acceptors, respectively.
Yun-Lu Sun, Si-Ming Sun, Pan Wang, Wen-Fei Dong, Lei Zhang, Bin-Bin Xu, Qi-Dai Chen, Li-Min Tong and Hong-Bo SunArticle first published online: 18 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. An all-protein single-nanowire optical biosensor is constructed by a facile and general femtosecond laser direct writing approach with nanoscale structural customization. As-formed protein single nanowires show excellent optical properties (fine waveguiding performance and bio-applicable transmission windows), and are utilized as evanescent optical nanobiosensors for label-free biotin detection.
Xiaoguang Duan, Kane O'Donnell, Hongqi Sun, Yuxian Wang and Shaobin WangArticle first published online: 18 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Facile synthesis of S and N co-doped graphene demonstrates superior catalytic activity in activation of peroxymonos&ulfate for phenol oxidation, providing 86.6-fold higher efficiency than graphene oxide, and 22.8, 19.7, and 4.5 times higher than pristine graphene, S-dope rGO, and N-doped rGO, respectively. Density functional theory calculations are carried out to elucidate the mechanism of the enhanced catalytic performances.
Bin Li, Tao Du, Bo Yu, Jasper van der Gucht and Feng ZhouArticle first published online: 18 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. A caterpillar&mimetic bilayer actuator, based on a wrinkled PDMS elastomer decorated with a hydroresponsive polyelectrolyte brush is reported. The actuator can fold ultrafast into complex three-dimensional structures upon a change in relative humidity of the surrounding air, such as helix, gradient. The small device walks on a surface with a roughness gradient when the humidity is systematically changed.
Huiyuan Zhu, Sen Zhang, Dong Su, Guangming Jiang and Shouheng SunArticle first published online: 18 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Monodisperse core/shell FeNiPt/FePt nanowires (4.5 & 20&50 nm) are synthesized by seed-mediated growth of FePt over the pre-made 2.5 nm wide FeNiPt nanowires. The surface profile of the FeNiPt/FePt nanowires is tailored by acid and thermal treatment. The FeNiPt/Pt-skin nanowires show higher activities than the FeNiPt/Pt-skeleton nanowires.
You Yu, Yaokang Zhang, Kan Li, Casey Yan and Zijian ZhengArticle first published online: 18 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Stretchable and transparent electrodes are fabricated by chemical deposition of metal thin films on natural veins of leaves at ambient conditions. These vein-based transparent electrodes show excellent electro-optical property (0.9 &O sq&1 at 83% T) even at 50% tensile strains, ideal for flexible and stretchable optoelectronic devices.
Mingfei Shao, Zhenhua Li, Ruikang Zhang, Fanyu Ning, Min Wei, David G. Evans and Xue DuanArticle first published online: 18 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. A sophisticated hierarchical nanoarray consisting of a conducting polymer (polypyrrole, PPy) core and layered double hydroxide (LDH) shell are synthesized via a facile two-step electrosynthesis method. The obtained PPy@LDH-based flexible all-solid-state supercapacitor meets the requirements of both high energy/power output and long-term endurance, which can be potentially used in highly-efficient and stable energy storage.
You have full text access to this OnlineOpen articleJames O. Thomas, Hugo D. Andrade, Benjamin M. Mills, Neil A. Fox, Heinrich J. K. Hoerber and Charl F. J. FaulArticle first published online: 18 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. The self-assembly of two emeraldine base tetra(aniline) derivatives is investigated using scanning tunneling microscopy. A combination of the scanning tunneling microscopy data and calculations reveals the presence of predicted cis/trans isomerism in this oxidation state. This isomerism is shown to hinder self-assembly into ordered structures, and provides indications as to why the properties of these materials, and their parent polymer, polyaniline, remain unfulfilled.
Xilai Jia, Xiao Zhu, Yanhua Cheng, Zheng Chen, Guoqing Ning, Yunfeng Lu and Fei WeiArticle first published online: 16 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Heteroassembly of low-dimensional building blocks is demonstrated based on an aerosol spray process. Oxide nanocrystals and CNTs are assembled into 3D mesoporous nanocomposites, which show battery-like capacity and supercapacitor-like power performance. The high performance is ascribed to a high conductivity and interconnected mesopores, which provide effective electron and ion transport for fast energy storage.
Moh. R. Amer, Shun-Wen Chang and Stephen B. CroninArticle first published online: 12 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Photodetectors based on quasi-metallic carbon nanotubes exhibit unique optoelectronic properties. Due to their small bandgap, photocurrent generation is possible at room temperature. The origin of this photocurrent is investigated to determine the underlying mechanism, which can be photothermoelectric effect or photovoltaic effect, depending on the bandgap magnitude of the quasi-metallic nanotube.
Ana M. S. Costa, Manuel Alatorre-Meda, Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo and Jo&o F. ManoArticle first published online: 12 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Hierarchical polymeric carriers with high encapsulation efficiencies are fabricated via a biocompatible strategy developed using superhydrophobic (SH) surfaces. The carries are obtained by the incorporation of cell/BSA-loaded dextran&methacrylate (DEXT&MA) microparticles into alginate (ALG) macroscopic beads. Engineered devices like these are expected to boost the development of innovative and customizable systems for biomedical and biotechnological purposes.
Spencer T. Williams, Chu-Chen Chueh and Alex K.-Y. JenArticle first published online: 11 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Organo lead-halide perovskite growth may be complex, but looking at the relationships between deposition techniques can lead to a greater understanding of the material itself and its transformation behavior as a whole. This article endeavors to build these connections through the intermediates that govern growth in both 1- and 2-step solution and vapor depositions and extend them to the growing understanding of structure&property relationships.
Xiaolong Fu, Huanli Dong, Yonggang Zhen and Wenping HuArticle first published online: 11 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Pressure sensors based on solution-processed metal&organic frameworks nanowire arrays are fabricated with very low cost, flexibility, high sensitivity, and ease of integration into sensor arrays. Furthermore, the pressure sensors are suitable for monitoring and diagnosing biomedical signals such as radial artery pressure waveforms in real time.
Yuefei Wang, Renliang Huang, Wei Qi, Yanyan Xie, Mengfan Wang, Rongxin Su and Zhimin HeArticle first published online: 10 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. A dandelion-like peptide microstructure is formed via the sequential, combinatorial co-assembly of diphenylalanine (FF) and ferrocene-diphenylalanine (Fc-FF). This microstructure has a highly complex architecture, where FF microtube arrays serve as the scapes and the Fc-FF nanofibers serve as the flower heads. The capillary force derived from wetting and drying is crucial for the formation of such a complex peptide microstructure.
Lingbo Zong, Pengfei Xu, Yunji Ding, Kun Zhao, Zumin Wang, Xuecheng Yan, Ranbo Yu, Jun Chen and Xianran XingArticle first published online: 10 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Multishell Y2O3:Yb3+/Er3+ hollow spheres with uniform morphologies and controllable inner structures are prepared successfully by using a glucose-template hydrothermal process followed by temperature-programmed calcination. Much enhanced upconverted photoluminescence of these Y2O3:Yb3+/Er3+ are observed, which are due to the multiple reflections and the enhanced light-harvesting efficiency of the NIR light resulting from the special features of the multishell structures.
Moutusi Banerjee, Abhisek Gupta, Shyamal K. Saha and Dipankar ChakravortyArticle first published online: 10 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Li+ is successfully attached to aza-crown functionalized graphene oxide to design isolated Li+-ion conductor with Debye-type relaxation for Li+-ion battery application.
Lu Li, Lingyu Zhang, Tingting Wang, Xiaotong Wu, Hong Ren, Chungang Wang and Zhongmin SuArticle first published online: 5 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. A simple, novel, and reproducible synthetic stregety is developed to fabricate multifunctional spherical Au nanoclusters assemblies encapsulated by a polyacylic acid/CaP shell with a large-scale production. The resulting nanoparticles possess a high payload of doxorubicin as synergetic dual pH-sensitive drug delivery vehicles to employ for dual-modal computed tomography and fluorescence imaging-guided liver cancer therapy in vitro and in vivo.
M&rcio Dias Lima, Mohammad W. Hussain, Geoffrey M. Spinks, Sina Naficy, Daniela Hagenasr, Julia S. Bykova, Derrick Tolly and Ray H. BaughmanArticle first published online: 5 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. A new type of absorption-powered artificial muscle provides high performance without needing a temperature change. These muscles, comprising coiled carbon nanotube fibers infiltrated with silicone rubber, can contract up to 50% to generate up to 1.2 kJ kg&1. The drive mechanism for actuation is the rubber swelling during exposure to a nonpolar solvent. Theoretical energy efficiency conversion can be as high as 16%.
Ran Du, Qiuchen Zhao, Na Zhang and Jin ZhangArticle first published online: 4 MAR 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/smll. Carbon nanotube (CNT)-based 3D monoliths are a new kind of CNT-based macroscopic assembly featuring both the exceptional physicochemical properties of CNTs and the unique structures of aerogels, which are important for diverse practical applications. This review provides a comprehensive and systematic overview of the preparation strategies and applications of CNT-based 3D monoliths. Both challenges and opportunities are discussed.
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