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摘要:（该内容经过伪原创处理，请直接查看目录）神农箭竹(Fargesia murielae(Gamble)Yi)原产于我国神农架地域,属禾本科竹亚科箭竹属,地下茎合轴型,笋期5月。神农箭竹是神农架垂直散布最高的一种竹子,生于海拔m的冷杉林下或灌木丛中,是欧洲引种我国平地竹类最胜利的一种,同时,神农箭竹也是珍稀哺乳植物年夜熊猫的主要主食竹种之一。因为神农箭竹在山地水土坚持、减缓地表径流、修养水源和调理吝啬候情况等方面都有分歧水平的有益感化,最近几年来逐步有学者展开神农箭竹上的基本性研讨,重要集中在种群、群落的海拔多样性、植被的更新、种子的萌芽和散布等方面。神农箭竹在神农架地域为自然野生散布,泥土营养静态很年夜水平上取决于植物-泥土养分的互相输出与输入。为商量神农箭竹林下泥土营养的空间散布纪律,本研讨在湖北省神农架天然掩护区辖区拔取分歧海拔(m)的四个神农箭竹样地：神农营、眺望塔、板壁岩、山公石。经由过程对神农箭竹林在三种空间标准(分歧海拔、分歧土层深度、分歧基株间距)上的泥土营养含质变动纪律的剖析,商量植被天然更新前提下,神农箭竹更嫩芽对生境内分歧空间泥土营养的应用效应及克隆假寓的生态形式。并进一步应用相干剖析研讨神农箭竹林下泥土营养与分歧情况因子的相干关系,明白各情况要素对神农架山地泥土营养的感化强度。本研讨成果注解：1.对分歧样地神农箭竹泥土营养描写性统计剖析注解各研讨样地内神农箭竹林下泥土碱解氮、有用磷、全磷、全钾含质变异不年夜,不偏斜；速效钾、全氮含质变异较年夜,偏斜。解释速效钾和全氮含量在分歧样地间存在显著差别。2.神农箭竹林地泥土营养与情况前提的相干性剖析显示,泥土碱解氮、速效磷、TN、TP均与海拔呈负相干关系,泥土TK与海拔呈极明显的正相干关系,相干系数r＝0.835**。另外,碱解氮、TK与温度和湿度均呈明显相干,TN含量与坡度呈明显正相干,相干系数r=0.512**。其他泥土营养目标与情况前提之间的相干性不明显。泥土营养6个目标(碱解氮、有用磷、速效钾、TN、TP、TK)与泥土湿重、干重根本上呈明显负相干关系,与含水率呈明显正相干关系,泥土质量中的砾石比重只对速效钾及TN营养的含量有明显影响,相干系数分离为r=0.143*(p<0.05),r=0.222**(p10-20cm土层,即泥土营养含量随土层深度增长而下降,与普通竹林的变更纪律雷同。泥土全钾含量随泥土剖面深度的变更趋向分歧,根本上为0～10cm土层≤10～20cm土层。另外,泥土表层营养含量的稳固性均低于亚表层。5.神农箭竹林下泥土分歧营养目标的含量随基株间距变更的纪律分歧。泥土碱解氮、有用磷、速效钾、TP及TN在分歧基株间距的随基株间距的变更纪律较为分歧,即随基株间距的增长,营养含量出现先增长后下降的趋向。TK含量与基株间距存在必定的线性关系,变更趋向为随基株间距的增长逐步降低。
Abstract:Umbrella bamboo (Fargesia murielae (Gamble) Yi) native to Shennongjia region of our country, belonging to the genus of Gramineae Bambusoideae bamboo, underground stems sympodial, bamboo shoot period of 5 months. Fargesia murielae Shennongjia is a vertical dispersion in the top of a bamboo, was born in an altitude of 2400 a 3100m fir forest or bush is introduced to Europe China flat bamboo's most successful one. At the same time, major staple bamboo Fargesia murielae is rare mammals plant panda. Because Fargesia murielae in mountain and persistence, reduce surface runoff and water cultivation and conditioning stingy when has the beneficial effect of different level, in recent years to gradually scholars launched Fargesia murielae of fundamental research, focused on the elevation of the population, community diversity, vegetation regeneration, seed germination and spread. Fargesia murielae in the Shennongjia area is a natural wild spread, soil nutrient very static Nianye level depending on soil nutrients in plants of each output and input. To discuss the Shennong Arrow Bamboo under the soil nutrient spatial distribution discipline, this study in Shennongjia, Hubei Province Natural Protection District select different altitude (2400 a 3100m) four Shennong bamboo like to: Shennong camp, overlooking the tower, wooden partition rock, the mountain stone. Through the process of Shennong arrow bamboo in the three kinds of standards (different altitude, different depth, different base line spacing) on the soil nutrient content change discipline analysis, under the premise of natural regeneration of discuss vegetation, Fargesia murielae more buds on the territory of disagreement space soil nutritional effects, and application of cloning residence ecological form. And further application of coherent analysis and research of Shennong arrow bamboo soil nutrient and divergence factor coherent relationship, understand the elements of the mountainous region of Shennongjia soil nutrient impact strength. The results of this study: 1. Of different kind of umbrella bamboo soil nutrient description statistical analysis notes the research plots in Shennong arrow bamboo soil alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, available phosphorus, total phosphorus, total potassium containing qualitative variation is not big, available potassium, total nitrogen content in skewness is the eve of the quality variation. There was a significant difference in the content of available potassium and total nitrogen in different plots. 2. Shennong arrow bamboo forest soil nutrient and the premise of the coherence analysis showed that, soil alkali solution N, available P, TN and TP were with altitude showed negative correlation, soil TK and altitude was a very significant positive correlation relationship, the coherent coefficient r = 0. 835. In addition, alkali solution nitrogen and TK were significantly related to temperature and humidity. The content of TN was positively related to slope gradient, and the correlation coefficient was r=0. 512. The correlation between other soil nutrient targets and conditions is not obvious. Soil nutrient 6 objective (alkali solution nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, TP, TK, TN) and soil wet weight, dry weight was significantly negative correlation, and the moisture content was significantly positive correlation, soil quality of gravel only to the content of available potassium and TN nutrition has obvious effect, the correlation coefficient was r=0. 143 (P "0. 05), r=0. 222 (P "0. 01); between the six kinds of umbrella bamboo soil nutrition goal fundamentally obvious coherence. 3. The differences in soil nutrient change discipline between each elevation plots under the umbrella bamboo. The contents of total potassium in soil and the altitude had a remarkable linear relationship. The total potassium content decreased with the increase of altitude. The other 5 soil nutrient targets (alkali solution nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, TP, TN) were not significantly linear relationship with altitude, that is not the vertical zonal distribution of nutrients. In addition, in the research area of Shennong arrow bamboo soil alkali solution N, TP nutrition is unusually high degree, content is very rich, higher than the other known species of bamboo d the content of soil total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus, available potassium and a medium offset level, but in different altitude difference don't bigger: slightly lower content of total potassium in soil, potassium supply potential lack. 4. Shennongjia Shennong arrow bamboo all kinds of soil nutrient in the different layers of the depth of change discipline fundamental differences, in addition to soil TK, the other five target nutrient content said a 0 10cm, 10 to 20 cm soil layer, namely soil nutrient content with increasing soil depth decreased with ordinary bamboo change discipline is similar. The change of soil total potassium content increased with soil depth trend differences, basically for 0 ~ 10cm soil layer is less than or equal to the depth of 10 ~ 20cm. In addition, the soil nutrient content of the soil surface is lower than the surface layer. 5. The content of soil nutrient target differences under the umbrella bamboo with different spacing change discipline of genet. The variation discipline of soil alkaline solution nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, TN and TP in different base spacing is different, that is, with the increase of the spacing of the base plant, the trend of first increase and then decrease. The linear relationship between the TK content and the spacing of the base line, the change trend is gradually reduced with the increase of the spacing of the base. ...
目录:摘要5-7Abstract7-8第一章 研究综述12-23&&&&1.1 土壤养分研究现状及发展趋势12-13&&&&&&&&1.1.1 土壤性质空间变异性的概念12&&&&&&&&1.1.2 土壤养分空间变异性的国内外研究现状12-13&&&&1.2 竹林土壤养分空间变异性研究现状13-19&&&&&&&&1.2.1 竹林土壤养分空间变异性研究的应用竹种13-14&&&&&&&&1.2.2 竹林土壤养分空间变异性研究的主要内容14-19&&&&1.3 研究的目的和意义19-21&&&&1.4 研究内容及技术路线21-23&&&&&&&&1.4.1 研究内容21-22&&&&&&&&1.4.2 研究技术路线22-23第二章 实验内容及方法23-29&&&&2.1 神农箭竹分布范围23&&&&2.2 研究区概况23-25&&&&2.3 材料与方法25-27&&&&&&&&2.3.1 土壤样点的确定25&&&&&&&&2.3.2 土壤样品的采集及预处理25-26&&&&&&&&2.3.3 土壤样品的物化分析26-27&&&&2.4 图件与数据处理27-29&&&&&&&&2.4.1 数据的预处理27&&&&&&&&2.4.2 数据分析与图件处理27-29第三章 结果与分析29-55&&&&3.1 不同样地神农箭竹土壤养分描述性统计分析29-31&&&&3.2 神农箭竹林下土壤养分指标相关分析31-34&&&&&&&&3.2.1 神农箭竹林下土壤养分与环境因素的相关分析31-32&&&&&&&&3.2.2 神农箭竹林下土壤养分与土壤质地的相关分析32-33&&&&&&&&3.2.3 神农箭竹林下土壤养分指标的相关分析33-34&&&&3.3 神农箭竹林下土壤养分在不同海拔高度的分布规律34-41&&&&&&&&3.3.1 土壤碱解氮35-36&&&&&&&&3.3.2 土壤全氮36-37&&&&&&&&3.3.3 土壤有效磷37-38&&&&&&&&3.3.4 土壤全磷38-39&&&&&&&&3.3.5 土壤速效钾39-40&&&&&&&&3.3.6 土壤全钾40-41&&&&3.4 神农箭竹林下土壤养分随土层深度的分布规律41-48&&&&&&&&3.4.1 土壤碱解氮42-43&&&&&&&&3.4.2 土壤全氮43&&&&&&&&3.4.3 土壤有效磷43-45&&&&&&&&3.4.4 土壤全磷45&&&&&&&&3.4.5 土壤速效钾45-46&&&&&&&&3.4.6 土壤全钾46-48&&&&3.5 神农箭竹不同基株间距土壤养分的分布规律48-55&&&&&&&&3.5.1 土壤碱解氮49-50&&&&&&&&3.5.2 土壤全氮50-51&&&&&&&&3.5.3 土壤有效磷51-52&&&&&&&&3.5.4 土壤全磷52-53&&&&&&&&3.5.5 土壤速效钾53-54&&&&&&&&3.5.6 土壤全钾54-55第四章 结论与讨论55-60&&&&4.1 神农箭竹林下土壤养分数据的统计特征55&&&&4.2 土壤养分指标的相关关系55-56&&&&4.3 不同海拔样地神农箭竹林下土壤养分的分布规律56-57&&&&4.4 不同土层深度神农箭竹林土壤养分的分布规律57-58&&&&4.5 不同基株间距神农箭竹林土壤养分的分布规律58-60参考文献60-67附录1 土壤样本记录原始数据67-83附录2 攻读硕士学位期间科研情况83-85致谢85
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