关于英语。求全文翻译。语句尽量通顺点吧谢谢！！不尽感激！（A）
关于英语。求全文翻译。语句尽量通顺点吧谢谢！！不尽感激！（A）
Unfair Advantage
According to the writer Walter Ellis, author of a book called the Oxbridge Conspiracy, Britain is still dominated by the old-boy network: it isn't what you know that matters, but who you know. He claims that at Oxford and Cambridge Universities (Oxbridge for short) a few select people start on an escalator ride which, over the years, carries them to the tops of British privilege and power. His research revealed that the top professions all continue to be dominated, if not 90 per cent, then 60 or 65 per cent, by Oxbridge graduates.
And yet, says Ellis, Oxbridge graduates make up only two per cent of the total number of students who graduate from Britain's universities. Other researches also seem to support his belief that Oxbridge graduates start with an unfair advantage in the employment market. In the law, a recently published report showed that out of 26 senior judges appointed to the High Court last year, all of them went to private schools and 21 of them went to Oxbridge.
But can this be said to amount to a conspiracy? Not according to Dr. John Rae, a former headmaster of one of Britain's leading private schools, Westminster:
"I would accept that there was a bias in some key areas of British life, but that bias has now gone. Some time ago - in the 60s and before - entry to Oxford and Cambridge was not entirely on merit. Now, there's absolutely no question in any objective observer's mind that entry to Oxford and Cambridge is fiercely competitive."
However, many would disagree with this. For, although over three-quarters of British pupils are educated in state schools, over half the students that go to Oxbridge have been to private, or "public" schools (公学). Is this because pupils from Britain's private schools are more intelligent than those from state schools (公立学校), or are they simply better prepared?
On average, about ￡5,000 a year is spent on each private school pupil, more than twice the amount spent on state school pupils. So how can the state schools be expected to compete with the private schools when they have far fewer resources? And how can they prepare their pupils for the special entrance exam to Oxford University, which requires extra preparation, and for which many public school pupils traditionally stay at school and do an additional term?
Until recently, many blamed Oxford for this bias because of the university's special entrance exam (Cambridge abolished its entrance exam in 1986). But last February, Oxford University decided to abolish the exam to encourage more state school applicants. From autumn 1996, Oxford University applicants, like applicants to other universities, will be judged only on their A level results and on their performance at interviews, although some departments might still set special tests.
However, some argue that there's nothing wrong in having elite places of learning, and that by their very nature, these places should not be easily accessible. Most countries are run by an elite and have centers of academic excellence from which the elite are recruited. Walter Ellis accepts that this is true:
"But in France, for example, there are something like 40 equivalents of university, which provide this elite through a much broader base. In America you've got the Ivy League, centered on Harvard and Yale, with Princeton and Stanford and others. But again, those universities together - the elite universities - are about ten or fifteen in number, and are being pushed along from behind by other great universities like, for example, Chicago and Berkeley. So you don't have just this narrow concentration of two universities providing a constantly replicating elite."
When it comes to Oxford and Cambridge being elitist because of the number of private school pupils they accept, Professor Stone of Oxford University argues that there is a simple fact he and his associates cannot ignore:
"If certain schools do better than others then we just have to accept it. We cannot be a place for remedial education. It's not what Oxford is there to do."
However, since academic excellence does appear to be related to the amount of money spent per pupil. This does seem to imply that Prime Minister John Major's vision of Britain as a classless society is still a long way off. And it may be worth remembering that while John Major didn't himself go to Oxbridge, most of his ministers did.
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&谢谢！谢谢！再次谢谢！
上面的翻译有些错误。而且翻译不全。只是翻译了一部分。 真不负责。
正确的翻译是。
不公平的优势 根据作家沃尔特埃利斯一书的作者叫牛津剑桥阴谋，英国仍是由老同学关系网的主导：这不是你知道什么事情，而是你认识谁。他声称在牛津大学和剑桥大学（简称牛津剑桥）少数人选择乘坐自动扶梯上的，多年来，他们对英国进行的特权和权力的顶峰。他的研究显示，所有行业的顶端仍然是占主导地位，如果不是百分之90，然后60或百分之65，由牛津，剑桥的毕业生。 然而，埃利斯指出，牛津，剑桥的毕业生只占2占学生总数的百分之谁从英国毕业的大学。其他的研究者似乎也支持他的信念，即牛津，剑桥的毕业生，不公平的优势开始在就业市场。在法律，最近公布的报告显示，26名获委任为高等法院法官，去年，他们都到私立学校，其中21人曾到牛津剑桥。 但是，这可以说是等于一个阴谋？不按约翰雷博士，是英国领先的私人学校，威斯敏斯特的前任校长： “我会接受，有一个在英国生活的一些关键领域的偏见，但如今这种偏见已经消失了。前一段时间 - 在60年代前 - 进入牛津，剑桥并不完全是凭本事。现在，绝对没有任何客观的观察者的头脑问题，进入牛津，剑桥是竞争激烈。“ 然而，很多人会不同意这种说法。因为，虽然超过四分之三的英国学生宿舍，在公立学校接受教育，有一半以上的学生，去到过牛津剑桥私人，或“公众”学校（公学）。难道这是因为英国私立学校的学生比国有学校（公立学校）的聪明，或者他们只是更好的准备呢？ 平均而言，每年约5000英镑花在每个私立学校学生，超过两倍于公立学校学生的花费金额。因此，如何能指望公立学校与私立学校的学生竞争时，他们少得多的资源？又如何能为他们特别准备上牛津大学的入学考试，这需要额外的准备他们的学生，以及许多传统公立学校的学生留在学校做一个额外的条件？ 直到最近，许多指责，是因为这所大学的入学考试偏见特别牛津（剑桥在1986年废除联考）。但今年2月，牛津大学决定取消入学考试，鼓励更多公立学校的申请者。从1996年秋季，牛津大学的申请，希望其他大学的申请人，将被判定只能在它们的A级成绩，以及在面试时的表现，虽然有些部门可能仍设置特殊的测试。 然而，有些人认为没有什么不对的地方有学习的精英，由于其本身的性质，这些地方不应该轻易使用。大多数国家都是由一个精英和优秀的学术精英从中招募中心。沃尔特埃利斯承认这是事实： “但在法国，例如，有像40等值的大学，通过提供更广泛的基础精英东西。在美国你有常春藤，在哈佛和耶鲁大学为中心，在普林斯顿大学和斯坦福大学等。但同样，这些大学一起 - 精英大学 - 大约10或15号，并正沿着从后面推由像其他伟大的大学，例如，芝加哥和柏克莱。所以你不必只是这种狭隘的浓度两所大学提供了一个不断复制的精英。“ 当涉及到牛津大学和剑桥大学是因为他们接受私立学校的学生，牛津大学教授石数字精英认为，有一个简单的事实，他和他的同伙不能忽视： “如果某些学校比别人做得更好的话，我们就必须接受它。我们不能为补救性的教育场所。这不是什么牛津有事情要做。” 然而，由于没有卓越的学术成就似乎是关系到每个学生的花费金额。这似乎在暗示，首相梅杰的远景目标，而英国是一个没有阶级的社会仍有很长的路要走。它可能是值得记住，尽管梅杰本人没有去牛津和剑桥，大多数人对他的部长。
绝对正确！绝对是我自己翻译！希望可以帮助到你。
其他回答 (1)
不公平的优势据《牛津剑桥阴谋帮派》一书作者沃尔特·埃利斯所说，英国如今仍然处
于老同学关系网的控制下：你懂什么并不重要，重要的是认识谁。他声称在牛津
大学和剑桥大学求学的少数精英一开始便平步青云，扶摇直上，几年之内，就登
上了特权和权力的顶峰。他的调查结果显示，英国高级职能部门仍然由牛津和剑
桥的毕业生控制着，如果没有90%，至少也有60或者65%。埃利斯指出，牛津、剑桥的毕业生只占英国大学毕业生总数的2%。其他的
研究者似乎也证明了这一点，即牛津、剑桥的毕业生一开始就在劳动市场上占据
着不公平的优势。最近公布的一份调查结果显示：在法律界，去年任命的26名高
级法官都就读过私立学校，其中21人曾就读过牛津和剑桥。但仅凭这些就能说是一个阴谋帮派吗？根据英国一家有代表性的私立学校
--威斯敏斯特的前任校长约翰·雷博士的看法，情况并不是这样的："我承认过去英国的某些重要领域内存在着偏见，可如今这种偏见已经不存
在了。一段时间以前--即60年工或更早的时候进牛津、剑桥并不完全是凭本事的
。而现在，在任何能够客观看问题的人的眼里，毫无疑问，去牛津和剑桥读书竞
争理很激烈的。"然而，很多人都不同意这种说法。尽管有3/4的英国毕业生就读于公立学校
，而上牛津剑桥的学生中有半数以上的人曾就读于私立学校，即"公学"。难道这
是因为英国私立学校的学生比公立学校的学生更聪明些？或者，仅仅因为他们准
备得更加充分吗？私立学校平均每年在一个学生身上的花费是5000英镑，是公立学校每个学
生费用的两倍还多。那么财源少得多的情况下，公立学校的学生怎么可能与私立
学校的学生竞争呢？这些考试需要精心准备，为此许多公立学校的学生传统上要
住校，以便有额外的学习时间。直到最近，仍有很多人就牛津大学的专门入学考试一事谴责牛津存在偏见
。但牛津大学直到去年2月才决定取消入学考试，鼓励更多的公立学校毕业生报
考本校。从1996年秋天开始，申请上牛津大学的学生像其他大学的申请者一样，
将只根据他在中学学习期间的成绩和面试的表现来决定是否录取，尽管有些系仍
可能需要专门考试。
相关知识等待您来回答
外语领域专家
& &SOGOU - 京ICP证050897号请哪位英语达人 帮忙把下面的英文翻译成中文，最好是人工的通顺的 写论文用的！_百度知道
请哪位英语达人 帮忙把下面的英文翻译成中文，最好是人工的通顺的 写论文用的！
The literature has emphasized
banks’ advantage in accessing soft information and assumes that banks will fully utilize such information, if acquired. This is a reasonable assumption for purely profit-maximizing financial institutions. If the only goal of the bank is to maximize profits, it will provide local loan managers en旦礌测啡爻独诧扫超激ough incentives to collect and use soft information. The China experience can provide a new perspective because local branches in China are often not purely profit-maximizing financial institutions if the goals of the headquarters are not purely profit-maximization. Further the local government may influence loan decision making. The degree of law enforcement can be another important factor because weak law enforcement means higher default risk to
enterprises.
Therefore, whether local branches can access soft information is one thing, and whether local banks are willing to fully utilize such information is another.In this paper, we aim to study how bank size in conventional measurement, soft information importance, competition and institutional arrangements affects SME lending in China. Following the literature we measure the bank size by total bank assets, and our first hypothesis is if bank size reflects the bank’s ability to collect soft information,
bank size is not a necessary condition for greater SME lending in China. As not all financial institutions are purely profit-maximizing institutions, the local branches’ attitude toward soft information may depend on how much authority they have over funds, the incentive structure, competition and institutional arrangements. Our paper makes the following contribution to the literature. We are studying the relationship between bank size and SME lending under the context that the banks may not be purely profit-maximization financial institutions. In particular, our data provide the upper branches’ weight on profit in performance evaluation to allow for the possibility that local branches are partly profit-maximizing institutions. The second contribution is we study under what conditions soft information can lead to more SME lending. We find that when local branches have more authority over funds, when local bank governor’s wage is linked with loan quality, and when banks are pushed to control cost, they have more incentive to use soft information. Further, we closely study how competition and institutional arrangements affect SME lending.
提问者采纳
文献强调在获取软信息'小银行的优势，假定银行将充分利用这些信息，如果收购。这是一个纯粹追求利润最大化的金融机构合理的假设。如果该银行的唯一目标是利润最大化，它会提供足够的诱因本地贷款管理，收集和利用软信息。在中国的经验可以提供一个新的视角，因为在中国的分支机构往往不是单纯追求利润最大化的金融机构如果总部的目标不是单纯的利润最大化。此外，当地政府可能会影响贷款决策。执法的程度也可以是另一个重要的因素，因为执法不力意味着更高的违约风险的企业。因此，无论是当地分支机构可以访问软信息是一回事，是否本地银行愿意充分利用这些资料是另一回事。 在本文中，我们的目标是研究如何在传统的银行规模测量，软信息的重要性，竞争和体制安排，中国中小企业贷款的影响。继文学，我们衡量银行按总资产规模的旦礌测啡爻独诧扫超激银行，和我们的第一个假设是，如果银行的大小反映了银行的软信息搜集能力，较小的银行规模是不是更大的中小企业在中国贷款的必要条件。由于并非所有的金融机构纯粹是利润最大化的机构，由当地分行对软信息的态度可能取决于有多少权力，他们对资金的激励机制，竞争和体制安排。文件使我们对文学以下贡献。我们正在研究的背景下的银行规模和中小企业之间的借贷关系，银行可能不单纯是利润最大化的金融机构。特别是，我们的数据提供的上分行的利润在绩效评估权重，以便有可能是部分地方分支机构利润最大化的机构。第二个贡献是我们研究在什么条件下软信息可以导致更多的中小企业贷款。我们发现，当有更多的本地分行在资金，在当地银行行长的工资是贷款质量联系在一起，当银行被推到控制成本的权威，他们有更多的诱因，利用软信息。此外，我们密切研究如何竞争和体制安排，影响中小企业的贷款。
其他类似问题
为您推荐：
英文翻译的相关知识
其他1条回答
你这个太长了
没人会花这么多时间的
等待您来回答
下载知道APP
随时随地咨询
出门在外也不愁请诸位高手将以下文字翻译成英语，不要百度在线翻译稿，要语法通顺、语言优美的自译稿。谢谢！_百度知道
请诸位高手将以下文字翻译成英语，不要百度在线翻译稿，要语法通顺、语言优美的自译稿。谢谢！
其走向与明长城大体一致，春秋战国时期为防御北方民族的侵扰，至今仍见残墙，并将抗倭名将戚继光调来北方历史沿革八达岭自古便是重要的军事战略要地，八达岭长城成为城关相联，墩台遗存，对八达岭长城进行了长达八十余年的修建。经过八十余年的修建、重城护卫。明代为了加强防御、墩堡相望，指挥长城防务，在此修筑了长城、烽火报警的严密防御体系
嘉靖三十年始筑岔道土城、长15米的天然花岗石，上刻“望京石”三字，“居庸外镇”关门前大道南侧，位于东关门内侧，位于八达岭关城北门锁钥关门外，位于八达岭关城东门外。在一块凿平的崖壁上，位于五贵（鬼）头山下，刻有“天险”二字。为一块高1米，为关沟胜景之一，素有“岔道秋风”美誉。石佛寺，今熊乐园右上方山崖上，故名。始建于明永乐年间，因以石凿大悲佛像。岔道城，隆庆五年外包砌墙砖。天险留题主要建筑望京石，位于弹琴峡旁。现尚存西门及南城。弹琴峡
提问者采纳
Stone buddhist temple, lies in the Chinese GuanCheng. In the Ming dynasty, spring and autumn and warring states period for the defense of the northern minorities in the countryside, engraved &quot.问题补充, the built the Great Wall, one of the sites for shut, 2 words, lies outside the profitable GuanCheng north gate closed, still see the wall, because of ShiZao figure of Buddha.Turn off city, long of 15 meters natural granite, today bears the eastern cliffs at the park, in order to strengthen defense of the Great Wall at badaling for more than eighty years of built, the trend and the bright Great Wall is broadly in line, facing the city at pier, count before closing the south road, and will anti-dwarf great soldier qi jiguang, so great name. Built b three characters, is located in the harp gorge, command the Great Wall the north with shophach TianXian&wangjing stone&quot, &quot. With more than eighty years of building, located in five your harp (ghost) the head of the hill, ran the city police tight defense system, the Great Wall at badaling become associated, a close：The main buildingBeijing stone.Gorge, engraved with &quot. For a high 1 meter, built tucheng longqin five years outsourcing build by laying bricks or stones wall brick.TianXian LiuTi;the town&quot. In a piece of cut flat anti- reputationhistoryThe badaling is important since military strategic position. Now still save Simon and group. Jiajing of the thirty years beginning fork, known as the &turn off the autumn wind&quot
提问者评价
谢谢您的帮助。期望得到您长期的支持。
来自团队：
其他类似问题
为您推荐：
百度在线的相关知识
其他3条回答
楼主啊 翻译这么多才给五分 是不是太什么了啊？
The badaling is important since military strategic position, spring and autumn and warring states period for the defense of the northern minorities in the countryside, the built the Great Wall, still see the wall, pier remains, the trend and the bright Great Wall is broadly in line. In the Ming dynasty, in order to strengthen defense of the Great Wall at badaling for more than eighty years of built, and will anti-dwarf great soldier qi jiguang, command the Great Wall the north with shophach the national defense. With more than eighty years of building, the Great Wall at badaling become associated, facing the city at pier, heavy guard, ran the ...
Historical evolution &dnt& the &/dnt& Badaling was since old times the important military strategy important place, the Spring and Autumn Period Warring States time for the defense north nationality's invasion, has constructed the Great Wall in this, until now still saw the remnant wall, the platform remains, its trend is roughly consistent with the bright Great Wall. The Ming Dynasty to strengthen the defense, has carried on to the Badaling Great Wall is 80 remaining years of life the constructions, and adjusts anti-dwarf great soldier Qi Jiguang north, directs the Great Wall defense. After 80 remaining years of life's constructions, the Badaling Grea...
等待您来回答
下载知道APP
随时随地咨询
出门在外也不愁中文翻译英文 高手请进现有多名候选人，我们正在考虑中，你的信息也已经提交，我们也会认真考虑得出最适合的人选。翻译成通顺英语，谢谢！_作业帮
拍照搜题，秒出答案
中文翻译英文 高手请进现有多名候选人，我们正在考虑中，你的信息也已经提交，我们也会认真考虑得出最适合的人选。翻译成通顺英语，谢谢！
中文翻译英文 高手请进现有多名候选人，我们正在考虑中，你的信息也已经提交，我们也会认真考虑得出最适合的人选。翻译成通顺英语，谢谢！
The existing number of candidates, we are considering, your information has also been submitted, we will seriously consider the most suitable candidate.
At current, there are many candidates, we are considering, your information has been submitted, we will consider seriously to choose the most suitable candidate.请翻译如下英文；不要网上直译的，不要像谷歌这样不通顺的，一律自己翻译的，谢谢！ 满意后追加100分。_百度知道
请翻译如下英文；不要网上直译的，不要像谷歌这样不通顺的，一律自己翻译的，谢谢！ 满意后追加100分。
Many people are finding the ease and convenience of online banking to be very attractive. In response to its popularity, many standard banks which you can visit in your local town, offer online banking to customers. This gives customers the ability to see automatic changes in their account, pay bills online, and view bank statements any time of the day or night. A slightly different version of online banking is the online bank, a bank that exists specifically without physical location in your area. In other words, you do your banking all online without having a local branch to visit.
In essence most banks that exist purely online are best if you’re planning to save money, not spend it. An exception to this is the Paypal? bank, which only offers interest yields on certain accounts. Payment to your account from another Paypal customer goes immediately into your account. Yet you will pay for this convenience of ready money. Credit card payments to your account can mean you pay up to 3% in fees, and withdrawing cash from the account with an ATM also means heavy fee charges. You will not only have to pay a Paypal fee when yo缉虎光臼叱铰癸歇含忙u withdraw cash, but also a fee from any ATM you use because Paypal doesn’t have ATMs.
You can creatively defeat ATM and cash withdrawal fees if you need a small amount of money, by purchasing something tiny at a store that will allow you to withdraw cash. If you buy a candy bar at a local grocery store, you may be able to withdraw up to $100 US Dollars (USD) on top of the purchase. This way you avoid charges from using another bank’s ATM, and Paypal charges for withdrawing funds. If you can wait a few days for cash, Paypal usually does not assess a fee for transferring your money from your online bank into a regular branch bank.
提问者采纳
很多人发现，网购的满意度和方便度都很吸引人。顺应其流行潮流，很多规范化的地方银行都为顾客提供了网上银行服务。这使得顾客可以自动掌握其银行账户的动态，实现网上支付，并且二十四小时查看银行结算。对网上银行略有区别的一个概念是网络银行，这种银行只存在于网络上，并不存在实体机构。换句话说，就是你在网上完成全部的银行交易而不需要访问当地的分行。
大体上来说，绝大多数网络银行是你想要省钱的最好选择。唯一的一个例外是贝宝银行，该行只为特定的账户提供利便利。在贝宝银行转账，账款可以马上汇到，但是收款方必须要支付汇款手续费。使用信用卡付款需要多花3%的手续费，若是在ATM取款机上取款也需要支付大量手续费。在任何取款机上提款时，你都不仅需要支付贝宝手续费，还要支付跨行取款的费用，因为贝宝银行是没有自己的ATM取款机的。
你可以想个办法，在你只想要提小笔款项的时候不需要支付提款费和ATM机的费用，那就是在一个商店买一点小玩意儿，然后商店就会允许你免费提款。比方说，你在当地杂货店买一小块儿方糖，就可以在这里提出最多100美元的款项。这样，你就可以避免支付跨行缉虎光臼叱铰癸歇含忙提款的费用以及贝宝银行的取款费用。如果你不介意多等几天的话，贝宝银行将现金从你的网络银行汇到一个固定的实体银行的分行通常是不收费的。自己翻译的。
提问者评价
感觉很好，非常谢谢！强人
来自团队：
其他类似问题
为您推荐：
其他1条回答
Many people are finding the ease and convenience of online banking to be very attractive.
许多人发现网上银行很吸引人，方便又简单
In response to its popularity, many standard banks which you can visit in your local town, offer online banking to customers.
许多你本地城市的知名的银行为了响应它的普及，为顾客提供了网上银行业务
This gives customers the ability to see automatic changes in their account, pay bills online, and view bank statements any time of the day or night.
这使得顾客可以不论在白天黑夜自动进行账户交易，网上付款，看银行对账单/
A slightly different version of online banking is the online bank, a bank that exists specifically without p...
谷歌的相关知识
等待您来回答
下载知道APP
随时随地咨询
出门在外也不愁