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人人都是“CEO”
什​么​是​“​C​E​O​”​？​恐​怕​用​不​着​解​释​,​对​于​这​个​近​年​才​引​进​但​却​十​分​时​髦​和​流​行​的​洋​词​,​大​家​已​耳​熟​能​详​,​知​道​它​就​是​首​席​执​行​官​的​意​思​。​可​对​于​“​人​人​都​是​‘​C​E​O​”​’​这​一​说​法​,​我​想​一​定​会​引​起​大​家​的​惊​讶​和​疑​惑​。
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同期刊文献人人都能成为CEO - 双语阅读 -
- FT中文网
人人都能成为CEO ANYONE CAN BECOME CEO OF YOU INC
Lots of important and self-important people will journey to Davos in Switzerland this week to take part in the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum. There will be thousands of executives, bankers, politicians and tycoons. But the man who caught my eye as I scanned the list was Roy Huffington, a former US ambassador to Austria.
上周，许多重要的和自视重要的人物前往瑞士达沃斯，参加世界经济论坛(World Economic Forum)年会。届时将有数以千计的高管、银行家、政治家和企业大亨莅临。但在我浏览名单时，有一个人引起了我的注意，那就是前美国驻奥地利大使罗伊•赫芬顿(Roy Huffington)。
“Roy M. Huffington, chairman and chief executive of Roy M. Huffington Inc,” reads his entry. On further investigation, Roy M. Huffington Inc (also known as Huffco) turns out to be an independent oil and gas company based in Texas. What a marvellous job title! Mr Huffington could teach even Arianna Huffington, his former daughter-in-law, a bit about chutzpah.
他登记的信息是：“罗伊• M. •赫芬顿，罗伊• M. •赫芬顿公司(Roy M. Huffington Inc)董事长兼首席执行官”。经过进一步的调查，我发现罗伊• M. •赫芬顿公司（又名Huffco）实际上是一家总部位于得克萨斯州的独立石油和天然气公司。多么了不起的职位头衔！赫芬顿甚至可以教教前儿媳阿里安娜•赫芬顿(Arianna Huffington)一些有关“放手大干”(chutzpah)的学问。
“The shifting power equation” is the theme of this year's meeting, which encompasses not only geopolitical change but the growing power of individuals (some individuals, that is). Anyone can broadcast a video on YouTube, and many people now form ventures, establish hedge funds and work for private equity firms as executive hired guns. Why spend years climbing to the top of a corporation when you can be chief executive of You Inc?
今年世界经济论坛的主题是“变化中的力量格局”(The shifting power equation)，不仅涵盖地缘政治变化，而且还有日益增长的个体力量（更确切地说，某些个体）。任何人都可以在YouTube上播放视频，而目前许多人在创建企业，建立对冲基金，作为被聘专家为私人股本公司效力。如果能够成为自创企业的首席执行官，你为何还要耗费数年心力爬上一家公司的顶层呢？
A hint that membership of the old power elite is losing appeal has even entered popular culture in the form of 30 Rock, an NBC television comedy. Non-US residents can see it on NBC's internet site or read a loving account in Wikipedia. The stand-out character is Jack Donaghy, a fictional General Electric executive played so acutely by Alec Baldwin that he won a Golden Globe last week.
The comedy is set behind the scenes at a fictional television show reminiscent of NBC's Saturday Night Live. The fact that NBC, which is owned by GE, currently has two behind-the-scenes-at-SNL shows on its schedule – Tina Fey's 30 Rock and Aaron Sorkin's Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip – says something about media navel-gazing. But 30 Rock is justified by Baldwin alone.
旧式权力精英的成员资格正在失去吸引力，这种观点甚至已经以美国全国广播公司(NBC)喜剧《我为喜剧狂》(30 Rock)的形式，进入了大众文化。非美国居民可以在NBC网站上观看该剧，或者在维基百科(Wikipedia)上阅读其有趣的描述。剧中一位突出的人物是虚构的通用电气(General Electric)高管杰克•多纳吉(Jack Donaghy)，其扮演者亚历克•鲍德温(Alec Baldwin)因精彩的表演，于上周荣获“金球奖”(Golden Globe)。
Ms Fey, who used be head writer on SNL, presumably based Donaghy partly on Bob Wright, the genial chairman of NBC Universal, who worked in GE's financial services arm before he moved to the real 30 Rock (as NBC's headquarters in the Rockefeller Center in New York are known). But Donaghy is his own man: a Machiavellian alpha male who hero-worships Jack Welch, delights in office politics and tries to impose Six Sigma on television writers.
这部喜剧讲述的是类似于NBC《周六实况转播》(Saturday Night Live)那样一档虚构电视节目的幕后故事。NBC目前的节目表上已有两部讲述《周六实况转播》幕后故事的电视剧——蒂娜•费(Tina Fey)的《我为喜剧狂》和阿龙•索金(Aaron Sorkin)的《日落大道60号演播室》(Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip)，这在一定程度上说明了媒体的目光狭隘。但是，仅凭鲍德温一人便证明了《我为喜剧狂》的成功。NBC归通用电气所有。
Beyond the comedy, there is a moral about the modern workplace. It is not a reassuring one for the world's Jack Donaghys – the organisation men who form the bureaucratic core of public companies. Donaghy is immensely self-satisfied about the authority he wields and the money he earns but, in the end, he is just a well-paid wage slave struggling to please Fairfield, Connecticut.
蒂娜•费曾是《周六实况转播》的主要编剧。据推测，她塑造的多纳吉这一人物，部分原型来自NBC环球(NBC Universal)和蔼可亲的董事长鲍勃•赖特(Bob Wright)。赖特曾在通用电气的金融服务子公司供职，然后入驻现实生活中的“岩石30”(30 Rock)——即位于纽约洛克菲勒中心(Rockefeller Center)的NBC总部。不过，多纳吉正是他本人的写照：一位擅长权谋的出色男性，崇拜杰克•韦尔奇(Jack Welch)，热衷办公室政治，试图对电视编剧实施六西格玛(Six Sigma)质量管理。
In practice, more power lies with an unhinged black comic called Tracy Jordan, who is hired by Donaghy. Jordan is paranoid (he is accompanied at all times by a posse and at one point hallucinates that small blue furry creatures are also following him) and crafty (he avoids rehearsals by pretending to be illiterate). But he is the star of the show-within-a-show and so everyone else, including Donaghy, must do their best to indulge his bizarre whims.
It has been true for a long time – since film and sports stars were permitted to sell their services on the open market – that those who appear in front of cameras gain more money and prestige than the managers and writers behind. But the free agency model is invading the business world as well: individuals with skills are doing better for themselves by going freelance than by remaining within large public companies.
透过这部喜剧，我们可以得出一个有关现代办公室的道理。这个道理无法令世界上的“杰克•多纳吉”们（构成上市公司管理核心的男性组织者）放心。多纳吉对自己手中的权力和赚取的薪水非常满意，但归根结底，他不过是一个努力取悦通用电气的高薪奴隶而已。
The visibility that comes with running a public company can be more of a curse than a blessing. Bob Nardelli, who moved from being one of GE's Jack Donaghys to being chief executive of Home Depot, was excoriated for his $210m severance package written into his contract when he left this month.
实际上，更大的权力属于一个神经兮兮的黑人滑稽人物。他叫作特雷西•乔丹(Tracy Jordan)，聘请他的人是多纳吉。乔丹不仅有点妄想狂（他总是有一群人陪着，有时还会幻想有一些蓝毛小动物在跟着他），而且诡计多端（他假装不识字，以此来躲避排演）。但他是这部剧中剧里的明星，因此包括多纳吉在内的其他每个人都必须竭尽全力迁就他那些稀奇古怪的念头。
In contrast, David Calhoun, a GE vice-chairman, was hired in August to run VNU, the media group, after it was acquired by a group of private equity firms. We do not know how much he is paid since VNU is privately-owned but it seems safe to assume that his reward will run to nine figures if he does well. It is also a fair bet that Mr Nardelli's next move will be to join a private equity firm and go undercover.
的确，很长一段时间（自电影和体育明星可以在公开市场上出售其服务）以来，那些出现在镜头前的明星们一直能够比幕后经纪人和编剧获得更多的收入，更高的名望。但是，自由职业者同样也在大批涌入商业世界：拥有技能的个人从事自由职业，可获得比留在大型上市公司里更多的报酬。
The world's abundance of capital means that managers have less of an incentive to stick inside big organisations. Once they have gained a name and a track record, it makes sense to strike out on their own. Just as investors are so eager to place capital with hedge fund managers that they will cede them 20 per cent or more of profits, investors will grant a generous piece of the action to operating executives.
This may not last: like other business phenomena at the moment, it is partly a function of liquidity. In a downturn, the safe embrace of the corporation would become more appealing again. Nor has the world become a gold mine for everyone. Executives are often highly rewarded by private equity firms for throwing other people – including middle managers – out of work.
经营一家上市企业带来的曝光度，与其说是一件幸事，不如说是受罪更合适。鲍勃•纳尔代利(Bob Nardelli)本是通用电气的一位杰克•多纳吉，后来当上了家得宝(Home Depot)的首席执行官。由于在合同里写明可获得2.1亿美元遣散费，他在本月离职时遭到强烈谴责。
But, as Mr Huffington spotted, and Jack Donaghy has not yet realised, why be a corporate big shot when you can more profitably be yourself? And I say that with the authority vested in me by the board of Gappco.
与此相反，在传媒集团VNU被私人股本公司集团收购后，通用电气副董事长大卫•卡尔霍恩(David Calhoun)于去年8月受聘管理这家集团。由于VNU是私有企业，我们不知道他的薪水有多少，但我们可以有把握地认为，如果他表现出色，薪酬将达到9位数。如果认为纳尔代利下一步将加入某个私人股本公司，不再抛头露面，这也是个合情合理的假设。
这个世界充斥着资本，意味着经理人固守大公司的动力已经减少。一旦他们功成名就，理所当然会另起炉灶。正如投资者非常希望将资金交给对冲基金经理，宁愿分给他们20%乃至更高的利润一样，投资者也会将主要功劳归功于运营高管。
这种情况可能不会持续下去：就像目前其它的商业现象一样，它在一定程度上是流动性作用的结果。在经济低迷时期，在公司里寻找一份安稳工作，将会再次变得更有吸引力。这个世界也没有变成所有人的金矿。高管们得到私人股本公司的高薪，往往是由于他们会使其他人（包括中层经理）丢掉饭碗。
但是，正如赫芬顿已经发现、而杰克•多纳吉尚未意识到的那样，当你凭借自身的力量就能获得更高的报酬时，干嘛还要去当一家公司的大人物呢？我这么说，可是得到了加普公司(Gappco)董事会的授权的。
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未经英国《金融时报》书面许可，对于英国《金融时报》拥有版权和/或其他知识产权的任何内容，任何人不得复制、转载、摘编或在非FT中文网（或：英国《金融时报》中文网）所属的服务器上做镜像或以其他任何方式进行使用。已经英国《金融时报》授权使用作品的，应在授权范围内使用。阅读星CEO华胜军：颠覆传统，“免费”为王
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&&（阅读星CEO华胜军）
&&& 编者案：数字时代的&读书人&，手不释卷的少了，目不离&机&的到多了起来。地铁上、咖啡馆乃至藏书万卷的图书馆内，人们端着手机、pad查阅着从纸质书延展到各种数字化设备屏幕上的信息内容。 &&&&阅读，不再仅仅局限在纸质书本中，一款阅读APP开始成为一些人的&新宠。& &&&&&从塞班时代到安卓、iOS时代，阅读星几乎见证了智能手机的革命与突破。&像所有创业者一般，阅读星CEO华胜军在谈起项目时，脸上展露出的笑容充满了自信，&无论是在塞班时代还是如今，阅读星在行业内和用户群中都享有很高的人气及口碑。& &&&&在如今大部分APP&火一把就死&的情势来看，阅读星这款老牌手机阅读软件的&长寿&也许能从侧面给浮躁的创业圈一些启示。 &&&&移动阅读是互联网下一个风口 &&&&&台风来了，猪都能飞。阅读星做的就是顺势而为。&华胜军从容道。 &&&&随着移动互联网的雄起，越来越多的人开始在手机和平板设备上进行阅读。众所周知，移动设备的便携性让传统PC相形见拙，用户随时随地都可以满足阅读需要，公交车上、地铁站随处可见手机上看书的人们就是最好的证明。可以预见，移动阅读领域即将迎来爆炸式的增长，资本市场的热钱已经开始流向移动阅读类的企业。阅读星手握千万风投，下一步棋怎么走，我们会持续关注。 &&&&何为SDK
&&&&阅读星的SDK到底是什么呢， &说通俗一点就是通过跟其他应用软件合作，把阅读星的看书功能嵌入到其他应用软件中，比如你在熊猫公交、车来了等APP上都能看我们阅读星的书，这对我们双方来说都是一个很好的机会&华胜军谈到自己的产品也是不溢赞美之词。 &&&&记者了解到，阅读星的SDK容量非常之小，能够轻松嵌入其他软件应用，并且支持安卓、ios、html5的嵌入，根据跟车来了应用APP合作而取得的数据来看，阅读这个需求能够有效促进其他应用软件用户粘度激增，用户量快速增长。实乃独到之举。 &&&&深入了解阅读星，记者也感受到了阅读星公司内部&创新为王&的企业教条，相比较传统的移动阅读软件商，阅读星公司真正做到了用户至上，切切实实咱在用户角度思考问题，这点真的难能可贵。 &&&&免费看书模式 &&&&现在我们每天在公交车、地铁、公交车站、各种排队等待的地方，都可以看到上千万的电子书爱好者会通过阅读电子书打发时间，而在这些地方都遍布着各种各样的软件应用，但是很多都是盗版的。正版免费的书基本上市面是还没有一款阅读软件能够做到。 &&&&&首先，免费是一个趋势，我们正在逐步推广免费看书的商业模式，如果用户反应良好，喜欢用这款软件，那我们完全放开我们的读书资源。& &&&&这种商业模式注定要颠覆传统的读书市场，相信不久的将来，阅读星的用户数将会呈直线趋势上升。 &&&&后记 &&&&阅读星在移动阅读领域究竟会引起多大的风浪呢？ &&&&离开阅读星公司后，记者突然想起一句话，一只南美洲亚马逊河流域热带雨林中的蝴蝶，偶尔扇动几下翅膀，可以在两周以后引起美国德克萨斯州的一场龙卷风。&&&&&&&&&
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