初中英语同义句转换专题训练_英语_百年教学网
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初中英语同义句转换专题训练
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初中英语同义句转换专题训练
作者：佚名
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更新时间： 11:29:50
&& 5.有从句的替换成没有从句的，没有从句替换成有从句的。
例如：The room is so small that my family can’t live in it.
&& = The room isn’t bigh enough for my family to live in.
&& = The room is too small for my family to live in
常见的可以进行替换的句子：
&& 1）We found him a good boy.& &&&&&= We found that he is a good boy.
&& 2) I am not sure what I should do next.&&&& = I am not sure what to do next.
&& 3) I hope that I can see you soon.&&&& = I hope to see you soon.
&& 4) It is 6 years since she came to Shenzhen.
&&&& = She has been in Shenzhen for 6 years.
&&&& = She came to Shenzhen 6 years ago.
&& 5) It seems that it will rain soon.&&&& = It seems to rain soon.
&& 6) I took me 5 years to write the book.&&&& = I spent 5 years writing the book.
&& 7) He spent 1,000 yuan on the mobile phone.
&&&& = He paid 1,000 yuan for the mobile phone.
&&&& = The mobile phone cost him 1,000 yuan.
&& 8) Hurry up, or you’ll be late for school.
&&&& = If you don’t hurry, you will be late for school.
&& 6. 用意思想再的句型替换。
例如：What is the weather like today?&& = How is the weather today?
What do you think of it? = How do you like it?
How tall the boy is! = What a tall boy he is!
1. We can do it well.&
2. &I spent half an hour doing my homework.
&She spent two dollars on the book.
3. She was too frightened to say a word.
He is too old to join the army.
4. How fine her voice!
5. I must start at once, or I shall miss my train.
6.He spoke loudly so that everyone in the room could hear him.
7. She is so kind a teacher that all the students love her.
He is so good that we all like him.
8. I really don’t know what I should do next.
He didn’t know what he should not do next.
9. Because it was raining hard, he had to take a bus to school.
10. Although he is old, he still learns English.
11. Mrs White told Tom that he mustn’t throw paper on the ground.
12. Mary works very hard at school. Her teacher often praises her.
13. There was a lot of strong wind last night.
14. The museum opens at 8:30 am and closes at 5:00 pm.
15. We found that he was a clever boy.
16. All the boys are laughing, but Jim isn’t.
17. The children are wearing beautiful clothes.
18. Someone is knocking at the door.
19. People call James Jim for short in England.
20. He studies English, and at the same time he studies French.
21. How will the weather be?
22. None of us can get there so early.
23. I don’t need your help. I can do it my self.
24. There was no time for us to go to the centre of the city.
25.The students are busy doing their homework.
26. One day his mother was ill. He asked a doctor to come.
27. Can you tell me why he went to London?
28. He’ll fly to Paris next week.
29. We played basketball when class was over.
30. Turn right at the third turning.
31. It was too late, but they still did their work.
32. This park is less beautiful than that one.
33.Call me immediately after he returns.
34. What’s the population of this country?
35. He’s as friendly to us as before.
36. Can I help you, madam?
37. Please finish reading this book as soon as possible.
38. All are here, but Tom isn’t.
39. The player fell behind the others though he did what he could.
40. It’s good for your health to take exercise often.
41. I can do the work well if you don’t help me.
42. Chinese has the most speakers in the world.
43. She is tall and thin. She has long hair.
44. Shall we go out for a walk?
45. How old is he?
46. We will find it a bridge to so much knowledge.
47. Did you do anything about it?
48. What is his father?
49.Don’t play football in the classroom.
50. He didn’t ask the pupil. He asked the policeman.
51.Bring your photo to school tomorrow if it is possible.
52.Most of the questions were not about his lessons.
53. It takes 15 minutes to walk from my home to the school.
54. Time goes very quickly.
55.There are forty desks in our classroom.
56. I went over what I had written in order to make them right.
57. I have got to do my homework first.
58. We decided to visit the Palace Museum the next day.
59. He has a small mouth.
60. Please take turns to play the game.
61. Her mother made her wash her hands clean.
62. When they were walking to the cinema, they met their math teacher.
63. Please get on the bus one by one.
64. Written English is almost the same in both Britain and America.
65. Long long ago, there was an old man living on the seaside.
66. Sometimes it rains heavily at night.
67.The students help the farmers harvest rice.
68. I have no brothers or sisters.
69. It’s two o’clock now. Jack will come back at three.
70. Don’t swim after a meal.
71. She learned English by himself in the summer holidays.
72. Anne put the coat on to see if it was the right size for her.
73. Please don’t close the door.
74. We live in a place called Shanghe Village.
75. I don’t know if the answer is right.
76. Don’t stand so far away from me, please.
77. She could only see the green tree.
78. They plant trees everywhere.
79. I study hard so as to go to a university.
80. The heavy rain kept the visitors staying on the mountain.
81. He didn’t smoke any more from then on.
82.The snow was very heavy yesterday.
83. I like seeing a film better than watching TV.
84. He stopped learning English years ago.
85. It often rains here in summer.
86. You can never please them.
87. We made faces to please them.
88. Li Ming is on the school team.
89. He didn’t understand what I said.
90.We always make friends with each other.
91.His school team won the football match.
92. The books are not enough for all the students in our class.
93. He wrote and wrote, at last he finished it.
94. This room is as big as that one.
95.The two men disappeared into mist.
96. Bruce failed to come yesterday.
97. Tom is talking loudly in class.
98. What does it mean?
99. He does not like any of the books.
100. The story took place several years ago.
101. We have never known that before.
102. Peter was very strong so that he could lift the heavy the box.
103. I ran all the way in order to catch the morning train.
104. Einstein was interested in science.
105. You will pass the exam and I will buy you a bike.
106. Fish can’t live out of water.
107. It is good that we get up early.
108. Our teacher is an Englishman.
109. You are wanted on the phone.
110.He continued his education(教育)after two years’ work.
111. The coat is the right size for me.
112. Mary goes to school in a hurry.
113. Autumn starts in August and goes on to October.
114. The shape is like a cat.
115. Lucy could read a book when she was four years old.
116. There may be an accident.
117. The village school needs English teachers very much.
118. There have been great changes in China since 1980.
119. He is going to ask someone to repair his bike.
120. If you eat too much, you will be much fatter.
参考答案：
1. We can do it well.&
& &We are able to do it well.
2.& I spent half an hour doing my homework.
&&& It took me half an hour to do my homework.
&She spent two dollars on the book.
&I paid two dollars for the book.
&The book cost her two dollars.
3. She was too frightened to say a word.
&& She was very frightened. She couldn’t say a word.
&& She way so frightened that she couldn’t say a word.
He is too old to join the army.
He is not young enough to join the army.
He is so young that he can’t join the army.
4. How fine her voice!
&& What fine voice she has!
5. I must start at once, or I shall miss my train.
&& If I don’t start at once, I shall miss my train.
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＞＞＞看图根据例子填空，完成句子。例: I am Tom.He is Peter.He is..
看图根据例子填空，完成句子。
I am Tom.He is Peter.He is my friend.
___________ ___________ May.___________ ___________ Lily.___________ ___________ ___________ ___________.
Tom: Give&me&a&book, Mary.&&&&Mary: Here&you&are.&&&&Tom: Thank&you, Mary.
Mary: ___________&___________ ___________ ___________, Tom.Tom: ___________ ___________ ___________.&Mary: ___________ ___________, ___________.
题型：填空题难度：中档来源：专项题
1. I, am, She, is, She, is, my, friend2. Give, me, a, doll,&Here, you, are, Thank,&you, Tom&
马上分享给同学
据魔方格专家权威分析，试题“看图根据例子填空，完成句子。例: I am Tom.He is Peter.He is..”主要考查你对&&仿写，造句，情景交际&&等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下：
现在没空？点击收藏，以后再看。
因为篇幅有限，只列出部分考点，详细请访问。
仿写，造句情景交际
仿写、造句：即是在一定的语境中，根据语音表达的需要，参照题干所提供的句式，另造一个或多个句式相同，内容与上下文衔接的句子。本考点主要以主观题的形式出现。其基本要求是：注意时态的变化，单词拼写及书写格式。&英语“造句”形式：一、小范围限定形式的造句。1、用所给单词或词组造句。这个很好理解，操作也简单：即要求学生用给定的单词或词组造句。要注意的是：最好用学习过程中的重难点单词，学生不易记忆或较难理解，通过造句加深印象，化解难度。方式有三种：要求学生用指定的一个单词或词组造句；给出一些单词或词组，让学生任先其一造句；给出一些单词或词组，让学生任选其中几个造句。2、根据句型造句。句型往往是学习中的焦点，掌握了句型，即掌握了主要内容的学习。在不提倡老师“死讲”和学生“死做”的新形势下，句型的学习用造句的方式不失为一个好办法。就像给了一个模子，往里填充内容就行了。学生有相对较小的范围内，也会更易找到“自信和成功”的支点。很多个“会”聚集在一起，就会慢慢形成对句型的清晰认识和正确理解。也符合“练”中“悟”的教学道理。3、根据所设情景造句。这是一种集应用与应辩于一体的造句形式。事实上，通俗一点讲，也可叫做“情景反应”造句法。例：Today’s Jiamin’s birthday. What will you say to him? / What do you want to say? 这种造句形式可以说是真实交际的最佳模拟。我们可以在学完一个模块或几个模块后，用这种方法试试学生的应用程度，对句型单词等的理解把握程度。
二、大范围限定形式的造句。1、看图造句。顾名思义，这种形式就是让学生根据所给图片说英语。除了图片，可以规定主题范围，也可无任何限制地造句说英语。这种就需要开拓性思维、整合知识能力和综合运用语言的能力。说得越多越长的越好。2、“滚雪球”造句。这是一项听说结合的造句形式，也可称之为“接龙造句”。操作方法是：第一个学生说一句话，第二个学生在复述完他说的话后，再自己造出一个与其相关联的句子。依此类推，越往后复述的句子越多，造出的句子也越长越难。一定注意各句子间要有衔接，是一个内容的延续。而且操作时，一定要学生先复述（可以视情况定只复述前一个同学的句子或复述前面所有同学的句子两种方式），再造句。这样，在学生想说的同时也让学生学会了倾听，练习英语听力。为了照顾到每个学生的参与积极性和“开口”的自信心，可以从基础相对较弱的学生开始，让他们说最简单最短的句子，再逐渐过渡到越来越棒的学生。操作时，老师可以先从点名开始，待到训练有素时，再按组、按排或分男、女进行，营造一种竞争氛围，形成“你追我赶”的势头。3、拓展式造句。所谓拓展即在原有的基础上有创新，有延伸，有深入。一种操作方法，例如句型：What’s your favourite sport? 就可以在 “favourite / sport / is”乃至整个句意上做文章，拓展成 What’s your favourite food / colour / animal / movie /…?& Do you like ….?& What do you like best?等。另一种则类似association。我们可以先从单词上下功夫，再扩展到句子。例如：animal ----pet---- father---man---& badminton----sport---- ---Sports Day--championship / Olympic Games。第三种则是只圈定一个核心，如给个”topic”,让学生全面发散尽情地用英语思维，用英语表达。4、应辩式造句。这是一种考验学生应辩能力的造句形式。规则是：随便点人，随便给词，即兴造句。没有思考的余地，只有心理的准备。这其实是全面考查学生英语应辩能力的“造句”形式，充满刺激与激情，若加以“诱人”的表扬，效果更佳。三、无范围限定形式的造句。这种就类似于我们日常教学中的Free Talk / Daily English / Duty Report / Oral Practice.，最简单最核心的要求就是用“英语”造句。我们的原则是“能说就好，说得越多越好情景交际：常以对话的形式出现。 小学生生活情景英语会话分类举例：1、早间（Morning）&场景一：早上七点Mom: Johnny, get up!Johnny: Oooook.Mom: Hurry up, sweety. It’s late.Johnny: What time is it, Mom?Mom: It’s seven.&场景二：好玩的梦Johnny: Mom, I had a dream.Mom: Oh, really? What was it about?Johnny: Mashi Maro.Mom: How nice!&场景三：刷牙洗脸Mom: Hurry up, Johnny, or you’ll be late.Johnny: O.K, Mom, I’ll brush my teeth.Mom: Don’t forget to wash your face.Johnny: O.K.&场景四：早餐Mom: Johnny, breakfast is ready.Johnny: Mom, please pass me some bread.Mom: Here it is.&场景五：整理书包Mom: Don’t forget your books.Johnny: Let me see, Chinese, English, maths and music. All in, Mom.Mom: Good.&场景六：上学去Johnny: Dad, Mom, I’m going to school.Mom: Take care.Dad: Don’t be late.Johnny: I won’t. Bye, Dad. Bye, Mom.
2、上学（On the Way）&场景一：一起上学Johnny: Good morning.Anny: Good morning.Johnny: What’s your name?Anny: Anny. And you?Johnny: I am Johnny. Let’s go to school together.Anny: O.K, let’s go.&场景二：过马路（红绿灯） Anny: Watch out! The light is red.Johny: O.K. (half a minute later)Anny: It’s green now.Johnny: Let’s go.&场景三：等车Anny: The bus is late.Johnny: Wait a bit.Anny: Look, it’s coming.Johnny: Let’s get on the bus.&场景四：绑好鞋带Anny: Look at your shoe lace, Johnny.Johnny: Oh, it’s loose. Let me tie it up.&场景五：认识新老师 Johnny: Anny, this is my teacher, Miss Lin.Anny: Hello, Miss Lin.Miss Lin: Hello.
3、课前（Before Class）&场景一：今天值日Johnny & Anny: Good morning, Miss Gao.Miss Gao: Good morning. Why so early today?Anny: We are on duty.&场景二：擦黑板Anny: Oh, it’s out of my reach.Johnny: Let me give you a hand.Anny: Thanks.&场景三：打扫教室Johnny: Let’s clean the floor.Anny: See? It’s so dirty.Johnny: Let’s clean it.&场景四：文具盒 Johnny: I have a pen and a ruler. And you?Anny: I have a knife and an eraser.Johnny: May I see it?Anny: Sure.&场景五：早读 Johnny: Excuse me, Anny, can you spell this word for me?Anny: O.K. Which one?Johnny: Apple.Anny: A-P-P-L-E.Johnny: Thanks.
4、课堂（In Class）&场景一：起立问好 Miss Gao: Good morning, class.Class: Good morning, Miss Gao.Miss Gao: Is everyone here?Tome: No, Mary is not here. She’s sick.Miss Gao: Oh, I’m sorry to hear that.&场景二：铃响过后 Anny: Johnny, the bell is ringing.Johnny: Oh, hurry up. Class has begun.Johnny & Anny: Excuse me.Miss Gao: Come in, please.&场景三：加法练习 Miss Gao: What’s six plus four?Anny: Eight!Miss Gao: Are you sure? Think again.Johnny: Let me try. Oops! It’s ten.Miss Gao: Well done.&场景四：减法练习 Miss Gao: What’s five minus three, Johnny?Johnny: Two.Miss Gao: Right.&场景五：乘除法练习 Miss Gao: Anny, what’s eight times two?Anny: It’s sixteen.Miss Gao: Wow, you’re clever! What’s six divided by three?Johnny: I know! Two.& Right?Miss Gao: Yes, you got it.&场景六：借橡皮擦 Johnny: Anny, can I borrow you eraser?Anny: I’m sorry. I don’t have one.Johnny: That’s O.K. Thanks anyway.&场景七：下课 Miss Gao: Class is over.Class: Goodbye, Miss Gao.Miss Gao: See you next time.
5、课间（Break）&场景一：排队 Monitor: Stand in four lines, please!Johnny: Hurry up, Anny.Anny: Ouch, you are stepping on my foot.Johnny: I’m sorry.&场景二：升旗 Monitor: Attention, please! Salute!&场景三：我的红领巾咋不见啦 Miss Gao: Class is over. Time for morning exercises.Johnny: Anny, hurry up.Anny: Wait! Where is my red scarf?Johnny: Gosh! I can’t wait.Anny: Go ahead then! Who cares?&场景四：上厕所 Johnny: I can’t help.Tom: You can’t help what?Johnny: I wanna go to the restroom now.Tom: Too bad! You have to wait.Johnny: Oh, no!&场景五：下节课上什么 Johnny: Anny, what’s for next class?Anny: Music. Can you sing?Johnny: I can sing many songs.Anny: Cool.&场景六：认识新朋友 Johnny: Hi, my name’s Johnny. What’s your name?Nancy: I’m Nancy. Where are you from, Johnny?Johnny: Xiamen. And you?Nancy: I’m form Fuzhou.Johnny: How old are you?Nancy: Seven. What about you?Johnny: Oh, we’re of the same age.情景对话题的解答：常见的题型有：补全对话，给问句选择对应的答语，给下列的句子按正确的顺序排列等。情景交际试题特点： 1、以情景为条件，以对话为主要表达形式； 2、既短小又灵活，前言后语连接紧凑，答语多呈现省略，增加了答案的隐蔽性； 3、主要考察英语的日常用语、习惯用语以及各种场合的交际性语言，并从实际出发，考查交际语言的运用能力。做法：仔细阅读上下文，找出上下文之间的联系。
发现相似题
与“看图根据例子填空，完成句子。例: I am Tom.He is Peter.He is..”考查相似的试题有：
478222282224439242724673413147当前位置：
＞＞＞同义句转换。1. He is taller than I am.(同义句)I am not ___..
同义句转换。
1. He is taller than I am.(同义句)&I am not &&&&&__&&&&&&&&&&&__&& as he is.2. John is 15 years old. Nancy is 15 years old, too.(合并句子)John is the &&&&&__&&& &&&&&__&&&&& as Nancy.3. The view is very amazing. (改成感叹句)&&&&&&__&&&& &&&&&&&&__&& the view is!4. Baby pandas need to live in the wild with their mother. (改成一般疑问句)&&&&&&__&&&& baby pandas &&&__&&&&& to live in the wild with their mother?5. We go on a school trip to a museum or a theatre once a month. (就划线部分提问)&&&&&&__&&&&&&&&&&&&__&& do you go on a school trip to a museum or a theatre?
题型：句型转换难度：中档来源：江苏期中题
1. as/ tall&&2. same age&&&3. How amazing& 4. Do...need&&&&5. How often
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据魔方格专家权威分析，试题“同义句转换。1. He is taller than I am.(同义句)I am not ___..”主要考查你对&&副词，形容词，一般疑问句，感叹句，疑问词组&&等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下：
现在没空？点击收藏，以后再看。
因为篇幅有限，只列出部分考点，详细请访问。
副词形容词一般疑问句感叹句疑问词组
副词：是一种用来修饰动词、形容词、全句的词，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词。副词是一种半虚半实的词。副词可分为：地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词和连接副词。副词连用顺序：程度副词+方式副词+地点副词+时间副词。副词分类:1、时间副词有三类：always, often, usually, sometimes, never, ever, hardly等一般位于系动词、情态动词和助动词之后，实之前义动词1）表示发生时间的副词：It’s beginning to rain now!& 现在开始下雨了！2）表示频繁程度的副词，也称频度副词always, often, usually, sometimes, never, ever, hardly等一般位于系动词、情态动词和助动词之后，实之前义动词:She often changes her mind.& 她常改变主意。3）还有一些其他表示时间的副词：&He has just had an operation. 他刚动过手术。2、地点副词：1）有不少表示地点的副词：She is studying abroad.& 她在国外留学。2）还有一些部分与介词同形的副词。它们与介词同形，跟宾语的是介词，否则是副词：①用作介词：Stand up!& 起立！②用作副词：A cat climbed up the tree.& 猫爬上了树。3）以where 构成的副词也是地点副词：&It’s the same everywhere.& 到处都一样。3、方式副词:carefully, properly(适当地), anxiously(焦虑地), suddenly, normally(正常地), fast, well, calmly(冷静地), politely(有礼貌地), proudly(自豪地), softly, warmly ,slowly4、程度副词:much,little, very,rather(相当),so,too,still, quite, perfectly(完美地), enough, extremely(非常), entirely(整个),almost, slightly(细小地), hardly.5、疑问副词:how, when, where, why.6、关系副词:when, where, why.等。7、 连接副词:therefore(因此),moreover(此外),however,otherwise(另外的),then,when ,where,how,why等。
副词的语法作用：副词在句中可作状语,表语,补语，定语。He works hard. （作状语）他工作努力。You speak English very well. （作状语）你英语讲的相当好。Is she in ? （作表语）她在家吗?Let's be out. （作表语）让我们出去吧。Food here is hardly to get. （here作定语，hardly作状语）这儿很难弄到食物。Let him out!（作补语）让他出去！修饰名词的副词放在被修饰词之后a. The villagers there are busy getting in wheat.不同类型副词的用法比较：方式副词：1）英语中有大量方式副词，说明行为方式（回答how的问题）：How beautifully your wife dances.& 你夫人舞跳的真美。2）还有相当多的副词，表示某些情绪：She smiled gratefully.& 她感激的笑了笑。3）还有一些以-ly结尾的副词，表示动作发生的状况：He left the town secretly. 他悄然离开了这座城市。程度副词和强调副词&：1）程度副词可修饰动词，表示“到某种程度”：&& Is she badly hurt?& 她伤得重吗？& [说明] 这类副词除修饰动词外，还可修饰形容词（a）或另一副词(b):a. fairly simple 相当简单&&&&& quite correct 完全正确b. wonderfully well 好极了&&& do it very quickly 干得很快2）much 是一个特殊的程度副词，它可以：a. 修饰形容词等：I’m not much good at singing. 我唱歌不太好。&b. 修饰比较级：You sing much better than me. 你比我唱的好多了。Their house is much nicer than ours. 他们的房子比我们的好多了。疑问副词和连接副词：1）疑问副词：疑问副词用来引导特殊问句：how: How is your grandmother? 你奶奶身体好吗？where: Where does she come from? 她是哪儿人？when: When can you come? 你什么时候能来？why: Why was he so late? 他为什么来得这么晚？2）连接副词：连接副词意思和词形都和疑问副词一样，但都引导从句或与不定式连用：how: Do you know how to start this machine? 你知道这台机器怎样启动吗？where: I don’t know where he lives. 我不知道他住在哪儿。（引导宾语从句）when: Tell me when you’ll be ready. 告诉我你什么时候准备好。（引导宾语从句）why: That’s why I came round. 这就是我来的原因。（引导表语从句）一些其它类型的副词，如表示方向的副词：Let’s go inside. 咱们到里面去。Take two steps forward. 向前走两步。副词的位置：1、实义动词前，be动词、情态动词之后。 I am also Bush. I can also do that. I also want to play that games. I get up early in the morning everyday. 我每天早早起床。 He gave me a gift yesterday. 他昨天给了我一件礼物。 She didn't drink water enough. 她喝的水不够。 The train goes fast. 火车跑得快。 We can go to this school freely. 我们可以免费到这家学校学习。 They left a life hardly then. 当时他们的生活很艰难。 He has a new hat on today. 他今天戴了一顶新帽子。 I have seen this film twice with my friends. 这部电影我和朋友看过两次。 2、副词修饰形容词,副词时,副词在前面,而被修饰的词在后面。 It's rather easy, I can do it. 这很容易,我能做到。 He did it quite well. 他做得相当好。 It's rather difficult to tell who is right.很难说谁是对的。 It's so important that I must tell my friends. 这件事太重要了，我得告诉我的朋友。 It's much better. 好多了。 3、频度副词可放在实义动词的前面,情态动词和助动词的后面。 I often help him these days. 这些日子我经常帮助他。 I always remember the day when I first came to this school. 我常常记得我第一次来学校的那一天。 You mustn't always help me. 你不能老是帮助我。 He seldom comes to see us. 他很少来看我们。 We usually go shopping once a week. 我们通常一周买一次东西。 The new students don't always go to dance. 新学生并不时常去跳舞。 4、疑问副词,连接副词,关系副词以及修饰整个句子的副词,通常放在句子或从句的前面。 When do you study everyday? 你每天什么时间学习? Can you tell me how you did it? 你能告诉我你如何做的吗? First, let me ask you some questions. 先让我来问几个问题。 How much does this bike cost? 这辆车子多少钱？ Either you go or he comes. 不是你去就是他来。 The students were reading when the teacher came into the classroom. 当老师进教室时，学生们正在读书。 5、时间副词和地点副词在一个句中, 地点副词在前面时间副词在后面。 We went shopping in the supermarket at 9 o'clock yesterday. 昨天九点钟我们到超市买东西了. What were you doing in the classroom yesterday afternoon? 昨天下午你在教室里干什么？ The accident took place in the Eleven Avenue one hour ago. 一小时前十一号大街发生了一场事故。 6、否定副词在句首，句子要倒装，如： Never have I felt so excited! 兼有两种形式的副词：1) close与closely close意思是"近"； closely 意思是"仔细地" He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely. 2) late 与lately late意思是"晚"； lately 意思是"最近" You have come too late. What have you been doing lately? 3) deep与deeply deep意思是"深"，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，"深深地" He pushed the stick deep into the mud. Even father was deeply moved by the film. 4) high与highly high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much The plane was flying high. I think highly of your opinion. 5) wide与widely wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是"广泛地"，"在许多地方" He opened the door wide. English is widely used in the world. 6) free与freely free的意思是"免费"；freely 的意思是"无限制地" You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like. Y say what you like. 副词有加a或ly的 区别在于通常加a 的副词描述一种状态，而加ly 的副词则倾向于感觉。 形容词：简称adj.或a，形容词用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态，和特征的程度好坏与否，形容词在句中作定语，表语，宾语补足语。她是一个好学生，她学习努力。She is a good student, and she works hard.这辆自行车很贵。This bike is expensive.对不起,我现在很忙。I am sorry, I'm busy now.你为这次会议做好准备了吗? Have you got everything ready for the meeting?形容词的语法功能：一、作定语He is the greatest writer alive.他是依然健在的伟大的作家。Somewone else has done it.别人已经做了这事。二、作补语形容词做主语补足语和宾语补足语时,可以表示其现状、状态，也可以表示某一动作的结果，并常用在表示“认为，看待”的动词如believe，prove，consider等候。例如：The news made her sad.这消息使他感到非常悲伤。Don't marry young.不要早婚。三、作状语形容词或形容词短语可作状语，形容词作状语时，可以看作是“being+形容词”结构的省略，可表示时间、原因、条件、方式、强调或伴随状况等意义。例如：Enthusiastic，they are co-operative.热心的时候他们是很合作的。Rich or poor, young or old, we all have problems.不管是穷人还是富人，不管是年轻人还是老人，我们都有问题。四、做表语The ship was adrift on unknown seas．那艘船在陌生的海域漂流。五、做主语Old and young joined the discussion.Rich or poor meant the same to him.作感叹语Very good!Say it again.Stupid!He must be crasy.形容词的几个特殊用法：most 同形容词连用而不用 the, 表示 " 极,很,非常, 十分"。 It's most dangerous to be here. 在这儿太危险。 I cannot do it, it's most difficult. 我干不了这件事，太难了。 "The+形容词比较级..., the+形容词比较级..." 表示 " 越... 就越..."。 The more you study, the more you know. 你学的越多, 就知道的越多。 The more I have, the more I want. 我越有就越想要有。 The more, the better. 越多越好。 " 形容词比较级 + and + 形容词比较级 ", 表示 " 越来越... "。 It's getting hotter and hotter. 天气越来越热了. It's pity he is getting poorer and poorer. 真可怜他越来越穷了。 The computer is cheaper and cheaper. 计算机越来越便宜。 The more and more people focus on the meeting next year. 越来越多的人关注明年的会议。 主语+谓语(系动词)+as+形容词原形+as+从句。表示两者对比相同。 This box is as big as mine. 这个盒子和我的一样大。 This coat is as cheap as that one. 这件衣服同那件衣服一样便宜。&I study English as hard as my brother. 我同我兄弟一样学习努力。 the + 形容词 表示某种人。 He always helps the poor. 他经常帮助穷人。 I like to have a talk with the young. 我喜欢同年轻人谈话。 The rich sometimes complain their empty life. 富人有时抱怨他们空虚的生活。 The police led the old man across the street. 警察领老人横过马路。
以-ly结尾的形容词1） 大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，brotherly，仍为形容词。改错：(错） She sang lovely.　　&&&&&&&&&& （错） He spoke to me very friendly.　　 （对） Her singing was lovely.　　（对） He spoke to me in a very friendly way.2）有些以-ly 结尾的词既为形容词，也为副词。daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，earlyThe Times is a daily paper.The Times is published daily.
too+adj.+to句型&& “太…而不能”& He is too young to go to school.&=He isn’t old enough to go to school.&=He is so young that he can’t go to school.形容词的位置:1.形容词一般放在名词前作定语?&& 单个形容词修饰名词时，一般要放在名词的前面。它们的前面常常带有冠词、形容词性物主代词、指示代词、数词等。例如：?&& a red flower一朵红花?an interesting story一个有趣的故事?&& six blind men 六个盲人?my own house我自己的房子?如果有两个或两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时，则由它们和被修饰的名词之间的密切程度而定，越密切的形容词越靠近名词。如果几个形容词的密切程度差不多则按音节少的形容词放在前面，音节多的形容词放在后面。&& 2.当形容词所修饰的词是由some,any,every,no等构成的不定代词时，形容词必须置于名词之后。例如：?&& &&& She has something new to tell me.?她有一些新的情况告诉我。?&& &&& I have nothing important to do today.?今天我没有重要的工作要做。?&& &&& Do you know anybody else here??这儿你还有认识的人吗？?&& 3.形容词后面有介词短语或不定式短语时，形容词必须置于名词之后。例如：?&& &&& It is a problem difficult to work out.?这是一道难以解决的问题。?&& &&& Edison is a student difficult to teach.?爱迪生是个很难教的学生。?&& &&& This is a kind of flowers easy to grow.?这是一种易栽的花。?&& 4.用 and 或 or 连接起来的两个形容词作定语时一般把它们放在被修饰的名词后面。起进一步解释的作用。例如：?&& &&& All people,young or old,should be strict with themselves.?&& &&& 所有的人，无论老少，都应该严格要求自己。?&& &&& We are building a new school, modern and super.?&& &&& 我们正在建一所现代化的高档次的新型学校。?&& &&& All countries, rich and poor, should help one another. 所有的国家，无论穷富都应该互相帮助。?&& 5.有少数形容词，如enough和possible，既可置于所修饰的名词前面也可以置于它所修饰的名词之后。例如：?&&& Do you have enough time(time enough)to prepare?你有足够的时间做准备吗？?&&& Maybe it will be a possible chance(chance possible)for you.或许它将成为一次可能的机遇。6.有些形容词，置于名词之前与之后，含义不尽相同。例如：?&& the writer present 出席的作者?&& the present writer 现在的作者?7.表示长，宽，高，深，及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。This river is about 100 metres wide.The building is more than 50 metres tall.&He is less than 40 years old.8. enough修饰名词时，在名词前后都可以。They said that they had enough food.=&They said that they had food enough.&enough 修饰形容词和副词，位于其后。&He is old enough to join the army.&He isn’t old enough to go to school.9.形容词else通常放在疑问代词，疑问副词或不定代词后&what/who/where/when/when else&something/anything/nothing…else&What else did you do?&Do you have anything else to say?10.由两个或两个以上的词组成的形容词词组修饰名词时须放在名词之后。This is the book easy to read.这是一本容易读的书。形容词知识拓展:名词化的形容词：有些形容词可以和定冠词连用，表示一类人或事物，这时，它相当于一个名词，可作主语或宾语；表示一类人时，看作复数，表示一类事物时，通常看作单数。Robin Hooh(罗宾汉) hated the rich and loved the poor.The old are taken good& care of in American.the+形容词，常见的短语有：the old/the young/the sick/the white/the black/the rich/the poor/the dead(死者)形似副词的形容词：以-ly结尾的词通常是副词，但是下列词为形容词。friendly& lonely (孤独的) ；lively (活着的)；lovely(可爱的)复合形容词的类型：(1)名词+过去分词& man-made satellite 人造卫星(2)形容词+现在分词& a good-looking man(3)形容词+名词& second-hand cars(4)数词+名词-ed&& three-legged chairs三条腿的椅子(5)数词+名词& 400- metre race(6)副词+现在分词& hard-working students(7)副词+过去分词& well-known writers(8)形容词+形容词& a dark-red jacket(9)形容词+过去分词& ready-made clothes 成品服装含有形容词的常用句型：(1) It’s+adj. of sb. to do sth.(good/ kind/nice/polite/clever/foolish… )It’s very kind of you to help me.(2) It’s +adj. for sb. to do sth.(difficult/easy/hard/dangerous/usefulinteresting/important…)It’s important for us to learn English well.(3)下列形容词后常跟动词不定式&表示情感或情绪的形容词：glad,pleased,sorry,sad,afraid,thankful…&I'm glad to see you.表示能力，意志或推测的形容词：ready,able,sure,certain…&I’m sorry to hear that.某些现在分词和过去分词可作形容词the moving story 令人感动的故事a moved boy&& 一个被感动的男孩a frightened child 一个被吓到的孩子a frightening film 一个恐怖电影一般疑问句：是疑问句的一种。通常用yes，no来回答的疑问句叫做一般疑问句。口语中若无特殊含义，句末用升调。 其结构是：系动词be/助动词/情态动词＋主语＋其他成分？　 通常回答为： 　　 肯定：Yes+主语+提问的助动词 　　 否定：No+主语+提问的助动词+not&例如： Are you from Japan?&& Yes, I am.／No, I'm not. Do you live near your school?　Yes, I do.／No, I don't.&Can you speak French? 　Yes, I can.／No, I can't. 一般疑问句的特性：1．将陈述句变为一般疑问句时，如句中有be 动词（am/ is/ are）时，可直接将它们提至主语前。如主语为第一人称，应将其改为第二人称。如：I'm in Class 2Grade 1． →Are you in Class 2Grade 1﹖We're watching TV． →Are you watching TV﹖2．陈述句中有情态动词（can、may、must …）时，也可直接将它们提至主语前，即可成为一般疑问句。如：He can swim now． →Can he swim now﹖The children may come with us． → May the children come with us﹖3．陈述句中只有一个实义动词作谓语且其时态为一般现在时，变为一般疑问句时要在句首加do或does主语后的实义动词用原形。如：I like these animals． →Do you like these animals﹖She wants to go to the movies． → Does she want to go to the movies﹖4．一般疑问句一般读升调(↑)5．一般疑问句有时不用yes或 no 回答。如：Are they in town now﹖I think so.May I sit here﹖Certainly．Does he like soccer﹖Sorry I don't know．6. 一般疑问句的第一单词总是虚词,读的时候要读轻声。陈述句变为一般疑问句技巧：根据一般疑问句不同的家族，可以用不同的方法将陈述句变为相应的一般疑问句。1、第一家族：含be动词或情态动词的句子秘诀：一调二改三问号一调：即把句中的be或情态动词调到主语前；二改：改换主语称谓，即将句中的主语I\my \mines\we\our\ours等。第一人称分别改为相应的第二人称you\your\ yours等；三问号：句末的句号改为问号。如：Eg. I am an English teacher.&&& →&&& Are you an English teacher?Eg. We can speak English fluently.&& →&&& Can you speak English fluently?2、第二家族：含行为动词（或称为实义动词）的句子秘诀：一加二改三问号一加：即在句首加助动词Do或Does；二改：1、把谓语动词改为原形；2、改换主语称谓（同第一家组）；三问号：句末的句号改为问号。Eg. We read English every morning. → Do you read English every morning?Eg. Tom’s father listens to English on the radio every evening. →Does Tom’s father listen to English on the radio every evening?特别注意：对于第二家族一定要注意动词的还原，因为时态与数的变化已经体现在助动词上了。3、加强记忆口诀：肯变一，并不难，can 或be提在前；谓语若为行为动，do 或does句首用。感叹句：是表示喜怒哀乐等情感的句子。感叹句一般用how或what开头。感叹句要用降调，句末用感叹号 How作状语，修饰修饰形容词、副词、或句子;what作定语，修饰名词（名词前可有形容词或冠词）。感叹句结构：一、由感叹词what引导的感叹句。1.① What+a/an+（形容词）+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！② What+名词词组+主语+谓语！如: What a fine day it is!2. What+(形容词）+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语!如: What kind women they are!What nice music it is!二、由How引导的感叹句。（how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。）1.How+形容词（副词）+主语+谓语！如: How hard the workers are working!How clever the girl is!How quickly the boy is writing!2. How+主语+谓语！如：How time flies! 时光飞逝!三、注意:1. 当how修饰动词时，动词不跟着感叹词提到主语之前。如: How fast the runner runs!2. how与what引导的感叹句中的第一种格式(单数名词)一般情况下可以相互转换，转换后意义不变。如: What an interesting story it is! = How interesting the story is!What a beautiful building it is! = How beautiful the building is!3. 在口语中，感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略。如: What a nice present!（省略it is）How disappointed!（省略she is或其它可作本句主、谓的词语）感叹句 what 和 how 的区别：1.由"what"引导的感叹句："what"意为"多么"用作定语，修饰名词（被强调部分），单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。这类句子的结构形式是：what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+(it is).如： What a clever girl she is!&& 多么聪明的姑娘呀！&2.由"how"引导的感叹句："how"意为"多么"，用作状语，修饰形容词或副词（被强调部分）。如果修饰形容词，则句中的谓语动词用系动词；如果how修饰副词，则句中的谓语动词用行为动词，这类句子的结构形式是：How+adj.（adv.）+主语+谓语+(it is).如： How cold it is today!今天多么冷呀！　　3.在表示同一意义时，英语感叹既可用"what"引导，也可用"how"引导。如：What a hot day it is!How hot the day is !４.感叹句在表示激动强烈的感情时，口语中常常采用省略句，其后面的主语和谓语往往略去不讲。如：What a fine day! 多么晴朗的天呀！一般陈述句转换成How或者What引导的感叹句的方法：方法：找出陈述句中的主语和谓语部分，再找出形容词，最后找陈述句中是否包含该形容词修饰的名词部分。例如：My classmates are very kind and helpful.分析：句子的主语是my classmates，谓语（即动词）是are，形容词有kind和helpful，但没有该形容词要修饰的名词。因此可以转换成How引导的感叹句，根据“How + adj. + 主语 + 谓语！”，该陈述句可以改成：How kind and helpful my classmates are!例如：China is a peaceful country.分析：句子中的主语是China，谓语是is，形容词是peaceful，而且有该形容词修饰的名词country，并且，country是可数名词，需要用冠词，原句有冠词a，因此可以转换成What引导的感叹句，根据“What + n. + 主语 + 谓语！”，该句子可以改成：What a peaceful country China is!
感叹句用法：感叹句多以how或what引导，但在口语中，还有一些特殊的感叹句表达形式。1．以副词here, there, in开头的感叹句。Here comes the bus! 公共汽车来了！There they are! 他们在那儿呢！2．以疑问词who开头，表示惊奇。Who else will read such a book! 谁还会读这样的书！3．以情态动词may开头，表示愿望。May you both be happy! 祝二位幸福。May you succeed! 祝你成功！4．否定疑问句用作感叹句时，它的意义是肯定的；但肯定疑问句用作感叹句在美国英语中比较常见。Aren’t they sweet! 他们多可爱啊！I am hungry! 我饿极了！5．一些短语用作感叹句。Dear me! 哎呀！ My goodness! 嗳呀！None of your nonsense! 不要胡说了！6．一些作表语的成分用作感叹句。Just my luck! 又倒霉了！Sorry, my mistake! 对不起，是我的错！7.以从句表示的感叹句。例如：As if were my fault!好像是我的错似的！To think a scandal of this sort should be going on under my roof!真想不到这种丑事竟然出在我们家里！感叹句大全:一、由 what 引导的感叹句，其句子结构可分为以下三种： “ What + a/an ＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！”。如： What a nice present it is! 它是一件多么好的礼物啊！ What an interesting book it is! 它是一本多么有趣的书啊！ “ What ＋形容词＋可数名词复数＋主语＋谓语！”。如： What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花啊！ What good children they are! 他们是多么好的孩子啊！ “ What ＋形容词＋不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！”。如： What fine weather it is today! 今天天气多好啊！ What important news it is! 多重要的新闻啊！ 二、由 how 引导的感叹句，其句子结构也分为三种： “ How ＋形容词 / 副词＋主语＋谓语！”。如： How careful she is! 她多么细心啊！ How fast he runs! 他跑得多快啊！ “ How ＋形容词＋ a/an ＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！”。如： How beautiful a girl she is! 她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊！ “ How ＋主语＋谓语！”。如： How time flies! 光阴似箭！ 由 what 引导的感叹句与由 how 引导的感叹句有时可以转换，但句中部分单词的顺序要有所变化。如： How beautiful a girl she is! ＝ What a beautiful girl she is! What delicious cakes these are! ＝ How delicious these cakes are! 三、有时感叹句也可以由一个单词、词组、祈使句、陈述句等构成。 如： Good idea! （好主意！）wonderful! （太精彩了！） Thank goodness! （谢天谢地！）疑问词组:即使由疑问词和一些词一起构成的表示疑问的词组。由how/what与另外一个词组成的词组。例如：how many (后接可数名词，多少), how much (后接不可数名词，多少),&how often (表示频率), what if (如果…将会怎么样),&what about (…怎么样), what time (几点) 与how搭配的疑问词组：How在英语中通常用作副词，是特殊疑问句中本领最大的疑问词。他与其它形容词或副词搭配组成疑问词组1．How old问年龄、年代。How old is your friend? 你朋友多大了？How old is the bridge? 这座桥有多少年代了？2．How many问可数名词数量。常将可数名词复数紧随其后。如：How many pictures are there on the wall? 墙上有多少幅画？How many glasses of milk would you like? 你们想要几杯牛奶？3．How much询问不可数名词的数量、物品的价格。How much money is there in the purse? 钱包里有多少钱？How much are the apples at the moment? 目前苹果什么价钱？4．How long提问物体的长度、时间的长短。How long is the Changjia River? 长江有多长？How long does it take you to do your homework every day?你每天花多长时间做作业？5．How soon 对 “in+一段时间 ”提问， 表示“多久之后”。How soon will you be back? 你多久后回来？6．How often对表示频率的副词或短语提问。How often does Mrs. Green go shopping? 格林夫人多久去购一次物？7．How about用来征求对方意见。Your father is a worker, how about your mother? 你父亲是工人，你母亲呢？How about playing games after school this afternoon? 下午放学后做游戏怎么样？8．How far 问两地间的距离How tall问人（树）的高度；how heavy问重量；how wide问宽；how high可以询问建筑物、山峰高度。How far is it from the earth to the moon? 从地球到月球有多远？How tall is Yao Ming? 姚明身高多少？How heavy is that big box? 那只大箱子有多重？How wide is the new street? 这条新街有多宽？How high is the tower in Paris? 巴黎的那座塔有多高？与what搭配的疑问词组:
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