能帮忙翻译一下吗?Steel industryForging a new shapeThe rise of China is challenging a traditional industry in an unforeseen wayAT THE dawn of the 20th century, steel production was an important measure of a country's might. America, Britain and Germany led steel-making unt_百度作业帮
能帮忙翻译一下吗?Steel industryForging a new shapeThe rise of China is challenging a traditional industry in an unforeseen wayAT THE dawn of the 20th century, steel production was an important measure of a country's might. America, Britain and Germany led steel-making unt
Steel industryForging a new shapeThe rise of China is challenging a traditional industry in an unforeseen wayAT THE dawn of the 20th century, steel production was an important measure of a country's might. America, Britain and Germany led steel-making until the 1970s, when Japan and South Korea emerged as the most efficient producers in a world reeling from the first oil shock. These days, knowledge industries such as computer software and engineering are more carefully watched. But shifts in the world steel market still reveal a lot about the forces driving the global economy. And the picture they paint is of relentless globalisation combined with an emerging—and unpredictable—threat to western producers from Asia. Steel today is dominated by the economic explosion that is China. The country now produces and consumes more than a quarter of world steel output. China's soaring demand lifted the whole industry out of the doldrums in late 2003. At the time, America was imposing import duties to stop meltdown in the mid-west as one American steel company after another toppled into bankruptcy. As China sucked in every available tonne, prices soared. Hot-rolled coil, for instance, the sheet steel for cars and fridges, rose from around $200 a tonne to more than $600. Steel companies saw operating margins rise to a fabulous 30% in some cases, as they made profits of $150-250 per tonne.
This spectacular boom encouraged a succession of mergers that is still underway. The latest twist is a bidding war for Canada's Dofasco between Arcelor, a European multinational that last month launched a hostile takeover, and Germany's ThyssenKrupp which trumped Arcelor with a higher agreed bid, worth EUR3.5 billion ($4.1 billion). The wave of consolidation started in 2001, when the top companies in France, Spain and Luxembourg combined to form Arcelor, which became the world's number one. Steel companies had realised they needed to bulk up to get better terms out of suppliers, such as the iron-ore miners.Arcelor was toppled from its leading position earlier this year when Mittal, the London-based steel empire 88% owned by Lakshmi Mittal and his family, bought America's International Steel Group, itself a recent agglomeration of distressed famous names, such as Bethlehem Steel and LTV. Last month Mittal concluded the purchase of Ukraine's Kryvorizhstal, taking its annual production capacity to over 65m tonnes—well ahead of Arcelor (see table).
尽管没分,还是帮你翻下好了Steel industryForging a new shape钢铁业打造新面貌The rise of China is challenging a traditional industry in an unforeseen way中国的崛起正以一种难以察觉的方式挑战着一项传统的工业.AT THE dawn of the 20th century, steel production was an important measure of a country's might. 二十世纪初期,钢铁产量是衡量一国国力的重要指标.America, Britain and Germany led steel-making until the 1970s, when Japan and South Korea emerged as the most efficient producers in a world reeling from the first oil shock. 一直到二十世纪七十年代,美国、英国和德国都在钢铁产量上领先全球.自从全世界经历了第一次石油危机后,日本和南韩作为效率最高的钢铁生产国而崛起.These days, knowledge industries such as computer software and engineering are more carefully watched. 而今,诸如电脑软件和工程之类的知识产业相比更加受人们关注.But shifts in the world steel market still reveal a lot about the forces driving the global economy. 但是世界钢铁市场的变动仍旧显示这是一股能够推动全球经济的力量.And the picture they paint is of relentless globalisation combined with an emerging—and unpredictable—threat to western producers from Asia. 这些变动向我们描绘了一副前景：西方钢铁生产国正面临着来自亚洲的一股崛起中并且不可预料的威胁,而这种威胁正在试图和势不可挡的全球化进程联合起来.Steel today is dominated by the economic explosion that is China. 今天的钢铁行业正被经济腾飞中的中国主宰着.The country now produces and consumes more than a quarter of world steel output. 这个国家如今生产和消耗全世界钢产量的四分之一.China's soaring demand lifted the whole industry out of the doldrums in late 2003.2003下半年,中国对钢材高涨的需求将整个钢铁行业从低谷中拉了出来. At the time, America was imposing import duties to stop meltdown in the mid-west as one American steel company after another toppled into bankruptcy. 而与此同时,当美国中西部的钢铁公司一个接一个的破产,为挽救中西部的败落,美国正忙着施加进口税.As China sucked in every available tonne, prices soared. 而由于中国将每一吨钢都买了去,钢材的价格一路猛升.Hot-rolled coil, for instance, the sheet steel for cars and fridges, rose from around $200 a tonne to more than $600. 例如热轧卷钢（用来制造汽车和冰箱的板材）价格从200美元一吨涨到了600美元一吨.Steel companies saw operating margins rise to a fabulous 30% in some cases, as they made profits of $150-250 per tonne.某些钢材公司的利润率甚至达到了不可思议的30％,每吨能赢利150－250美元.
This spectacular boom encouraged a succession of mergers that is still underway. 这壮观的红火场面引发了一系列延续到现在的合并风潮.The latest twist is a bidding war for Canada's Dofasco between Arcelor, a European multinational that last month launched a hostile takeover, and Germany's ThyssenKrupp which trumped Arcelor with a higher agreed bid, worth EUR3.5 billion ($4.1 billion). 最近一起风波是一起针对加拿大dofasco的投标案,Arcelor,一家欧洲跨国公司上个月发起了一次恶意购买,却被德国的thyssenkrupp以更高的35亿欧元（41亿美元）打败.The wave of consolidation started in 2001, when the top companies in France, Spain and Luxembourg combined to form Arcelor, which became the world's number one. 合并风潮始于2001年,当时法国、西班牙和卢森堡的顶尖钢铁公司合并成为arcelor,合并之后一举登上全球榜首.Steel companies had realised they needed to bulk up to get better terms out of suppliers, such as the iron-ore miners.钢铁公司开始明白它们需要壮大自己的实力以从铁矿商这类的原料供应者处获得更好的利益.Arcelor was toppled from its leading position earlier this year when Mittal, the London-based steel empire 88% owned by Lakshmi Mittal and his family, bought America's International Steel Group, itself a recent agglomeration of distressed famous names, such as Bethlehem Steel and LTV.今年早些时候,arcelor被从榜首的位置拉了下来.以伦敦为大本营的钢铁帝国mittal（88％股份被Lakshmi Mittal持有）购买了美国国际钢铁集团,而该集团本身也是许多著名钢铁公司的聚合体,比如伯利恒钢铁公司和LTV. Last month Mittal concluded the purchase of Ukraine's Kryvorizhstal, taking its annual production capacity to over 65m tonnes—well ahead of Arcelor (see table).上个月,Mittal完成了对乌克兰Krivorizhstal的收购,将自身的年产能力提高到了超过六千五百万吨——遥遥领先Arcelor（见图表）
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帮忙翻译一下
s own way of cooking. American people have their ways of cooking, don&t they?
Most people in the United States like fast food. But if you think that American people don&t like cooking, you are not right. It&s true that most Americans take fast food as their breakfast and lunch. But ehy also think cooking is interesting. Parents know the importance of teaching their children how to cook. And most Americans say that home cooking meals are the best.
Americans have their own ways of cooking. For example, baking is the most popular way of cooking in America. We can see ovens in most American families. America cooks pay attention to the balance of food. In planning a big meal, they try to cook meat, a few vegetables, some bread and some sweet food. They also like to make the meal look nice. There are many kinds of food in different colors on the plates, so the meal is healthy and looks nice, too.
，那你就错了。大部分美国人确实将快餐作为早餐和午餐。但是他们也认为烹饪很有趣。父母知道教授孩子如何做饭的重要性。并且大部分美国人说家庭饮食是最好的。
美国人有他们自己做饭的方式。例如烤在美国是最受欢迎的烹调方式。你能在大多数美国家庭看见橄榄油。美式烹调对食物的均衡很重视。在计划一个大型餐会时，他们会试图做肉，一点蔬菜，一些面包和甜点。他们也喜欢做卖相好的食物，在盘中会有很多不同颜色的各种食物，这样菜也会健康和看起来漂亮。
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传输速率可翻一番;s-2，可作为无源光网络（PON）的补充;s速率的数字信号，数字信号处理技术简化。其特点是可在现有的任意双绞线上传输；当下行速率在13Mbit/s以下时。 4．单线路数字用户线（SDSL） SDSL是对称的DSL技术;s或384kbit&#47，也是一种提供高速下行，上行速率则为1，上行数字信道可传送144kbit&#47，与HDSL的区别在于只使用一对铜线。 HDSL能够在现有的普通电话双绞铜线（两对或三对）上全双工传输2Mbit&#47，成本显著降低。 5．速率自适应数字用户线（RADSL） RADSL提供的速率范围与ADSL基本相同，速率降低、低速上行并保留原语音服务的数字用户线技术，无中继传输距离达3-5km，若用2对双绞线，传输距离可达1DSL技术主要有以下几种，运行良好，VDSL传输带宽更高，由于其价格比使用T1线路要低，距离也可提高30％。它和光纤到路边（FTTC）相结合，它可单线提供速率为160kbit&#47：RADSL的速率可以根据传输距离动态自适应。 2．高比特率数字用户线（HDSL） HDSL是在无中继的用户环路网上使用无负载电话线提供高速数字接入的传输技术;s.6Mbit&#47，是DSL技术中比较成熟的一种.5km，而且由于传输距离缩短、距离达4km对称传输，下行数字信道速率为6Mbit&#47。该技术现在已实际使用;s，可在很短距离的双绞铜线上传送比ADSL更高速的数据，其最大的下行速率为51-55Mbit&#47、下行通信速率相同的应用，传输线长度不超过300m.3Mbit&#47。不过标准尚未最终确立。 和ADSL相比。现在仅利用一对双绞线的HDSL技术也已出现（如以色列Orckit 和Metalink公司的产品），最早出现于20世纪80年代末;s中速数据，与ADSL区别在于，所以码间干扰小：1．不对称数字用户线（ADSL） ADSL是在无中继的用户环路网上。SDSL可以支持各种上;s，误码率低。 HSDL技术最近又有了升级型号----HDSL2;s以上，实现宽带综合接入，当距离增大时。 3，所以电信公司通常用它通过无中继的非屏蔽双绞线来连接企业用户，使用有负载电话线提供高速数字接入的传输技术. 甚高速数字用户线（VDSL） 在ADSL基础上发展起来的VDSL
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6Mbit &#47. The technology is now actually usedDSL technologies are as follows. Rate Adaptive Digital Subscriber Line (RADSL) RADSL rate provided by the scope and basically the same as ADSL, Distance can also be increased by 30%;s products), the use of the load of high-speed digital telephone lines to provide access to the tra s s, so the small inter-symbol interference, digital signal processing technology to simplify and cost significantly reduced. Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) ADSL is a relay in the absence of the subscriber loop network, the final standard has not yet been established. 5. 2;s at the end of the 20th century, low error rate.3Mbit&#47, it can provide one-way rate of 160kbit&#47. H s and above. HDSL to the existing ordinary telephone twisted-pair copper wires (two pairs or three pairs of) full-duplex transmission on 2Mbit &#47, downlink digital channel rate 6Mbit &#47, the transmission distance up to 1, its largest downlink rate of 51-55Mbit &#47, but also because of transmission distance shortened. And ADSL compared. 3, digital subscr s or 384kbit /s. SDSL can support a variety of on the same speed downlink communications applications, current line speed in the 13Mbit &#47, if using two pairs of twisted-pair transmission rate can be doubled, with HDSL only difference is that the use of a pair of copper wires, VDSL higher transmission bandwidth, transmission line length of not more than 300m;s-2. Its characteristics are available at any of the existing twisted-pair transmission. Single-line digital subscriber line (SDSL) SDSL is a symmetric DSL technology. Now using only a pair of twisted pair of HDSL technologies have emerged (such as Israel Orckit and Metalink&#39. It and the optical fiber to the curb (FTTC) combined can be used as passive optical network (PON) a supplement to the realization of broadband integrated access. 4. Very high-speed digital subscriber line (VDSL) in ADSL developed on the basis of VDSL. High bit-rate digital subscriber line (HDSL) HDSL relay in the subscriber loop without the use of no-load-line telephone lines to provide access to high-speed digital transmission technology. HSDL technology recently upgraded models ---- HDSL2, with ADSL The difference is, first appeared in the 80&#39.5 s medium- s below, DSL technology is more mature A, uplink digital channel can send 144kbit &#47, but also provides a high-speed downlink, can be in a very short-distance transmission of the twisted-pair copper wire more than the ADSL high-speed data, non-relay transmission distance up to 3-5km, low-speed uplink and retain the original voice services, so telecommunications companies usually use it without relay through unshielded twisted pair to connect business users, because of its price than the use of T1 lines must be low, symmetrical transmission distance of 4km, when the distance increases, compared with 1; s: RADSL transmission rate can dynamic adaptive distance, to work well: 1
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World food prices will depend also on whether/by how much farm productivity growth continues to outpace demand growth, declines in real transport costs and—in the case of farm products—by reductions in governmental distortions to agricultural incentives and trade, water market developments and market access standards including for transgenic foods add to future agricultural production, but also by crude oil prices if they remain at current historically high levels, price and trade uncertainties, since that will affect the biofuel demand. The first but maybe not the second of these drivers will continue in coming decadesRecent globalization has been characterized by a decline in the costs of cross-border trade in farm and other products. Demand in turn will be driven not only by population and income growth. Climate change mitigation policies and adaptation. It has been driven by the ICT revolution
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水市场的发展和市场准入标准. World food prices will depend also on whether&#47，下降的真正的运输成本和农产品的情况下;by how much farm productivity growth continues to outpace demand growth。世界粮食价格将取决于是否&#47。第一而不是第二这些驱动程序将继续在未来的几十年。减缓气候变化的政策和适应，包括转基因食品添加到未来的农业生产, declines in real transport costs and—in the case of farm products—by reductions in governmental distortions to agricultural incentives and trade, but also by crude oil prices if they remain at current historically high levels, price and trade uncertainties最近的全球化的特点是在农场和其他产品的跨国贸易的成本下降, water market developments and market access standards including for transgenic foods add to future agricultural production，在政府削减农业补贴和贸易扭曲, since that will affect the biofuel demand. Climate change mitigation policies and adaptation. The first but maybe not the second of these drivers will continue in coming decades，因为这将影响到生物燃料需求;多少农业生产率的增长继续超过需求的增长，价格和贸易中的不确定性对不起。需求将不仅受人口和收入的增长. Demand in turn will be driven not only by population and income growthRecent globalization has been characterized by a decline in the costs of cross-border trade in farm and other products。它已被信息技术革命的推动下，但也受到原油价格如果他们保持目前的历史高位. It has been driven by the ICT revolution
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