presence unknown是什么意思_百度知道
presence unknown是什么意思
提问者采纳
presence unknown存在未知例句:1.I felt the presence of this unknown something. 我感到这件未知事物的存在。2.J he will feel out of place in the presence of unknown people. 吉姆很害羞，在陌生人面前往往感到手足无措。
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出门在外也不愁Lync 2013 Presence Issues - 推酷
Lync 2013 Presence Issues
Recently there as been many reports of Presence issues with the Lync 2013 client. Here is a breakdown of three major known issues and what to do about them.
Exchange Integration Issue Introduced in the Lync 2013 September 2013 Update
The most common problem was introduced in the recent
for the Lync 2013 client. The issue is documented in this support KB article:
. In a nutshell there is an issue with the integration between the Lync 2013 client and Exchange which impacts the synchronization between the Lync 2013 client and the Outlook calendar information (such as “in a meeting”) and the Out-Of-Office status.
If your Lync 2013 client has the September 2013 update installed your Lync client version will be 15.0..
This issue is being actively being investigated by the Lync team at Microsoft so stay tuned.& In the meantime uninstalling the September 2013 Update and/or rolling back to the
resolves the issue.
There have been other issues reported after applying this update, but it has not been determined what exactly the combination of factors introduce the issue. Some of the reported problems are:
The Presence status color indicator (e.g. Red, Yellow)
does not match
the Availability text (e.g. “Available”, “Busy”, “Away”, etc…). For example, a contact might show as yellow with an Away status, but their Availability will show “In a call”.
Some internal and external contacts appear as “Blocked” with a “Busy” Presence (red color).
Issues with the Local Address Book Files on the Client
This issue is easy to miss because it is published under the heading
(by Edwin Joseph) on
In a nutshell, the Lync 2013 Windows client maintains a local cache of the address book and they can get in a state that causes a variety of issues with the Contact List in the Lync 2013 client. In my experience the Presence for some contacts shows as
Unknown or Offline,
The resolution is simple enough – delete the SIP profile directory and restart the client. The SIP profile folder is located here:
& %UserProfile%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Office\15.0\Lync
– I achieved the same results just deleting the local address book files (
GalContacts.db
GalContacts.db.idx
) but you should delete the whole folder to be safe.
As the Next Hop article points out, deleting this SIP profile folder will trigger a complete address book download at a random interval in the next hour from when the client is restarted.& A user can tell if the address book is completely downloaded when the “Address book synchronizing” status goes away when searching for a contact – as shown here:
, if you need to force the Lync client to download the address book immediately you can.
Out-of-Date Outlook Contacts
This issue has been around for awhile but can become more noticeable over time.
When a Lync 2013 user searches for a contact in the Search Contact box, the contact will show an incorrect Presence state.& The Presence will appear as
or will appear to be
as shown here:
Yet when Lync user manually locates the same Contact in their Contact List (e.g. by scrolling instead of searching), the Presence is accurately shown – in this case the contact is
The cause of this is a corresponding ‘bad’ Outlook contact entry for the associated Lync contact. “Bad” in the case specifically means the Email address and IM address of the associated Outlook contact does not match the SIP address in for the same contact in the Lync address book. Here is a sample screen shot of the associated bad Outlook contact used in the example above:
In this case the domain name in the Email and IM address fields were
than the SIP address for this contact in the Lync address book.
This might seem like an anomaly but it occurs quite frequently for two reasons:
The Lync 2010 client had a setting called “
Save my Lync contacts in my personal contacts folder on the Exchange server
” that would create Outlook contact entries for your entire Lync contact list.
Many Lync users and deployments had this turned on and some point and then turned it off
. This resulted in Outlook contact entries that were created but then never kept in sync – leading to a mismatch of Email and SIP addresses. If the organization did a SIP domain change, or a contact changed their SIP address (i.e. name or user name), this issue would occur.
If a Lync user had a corresponding Outlook contact entry for a Lync contact (i.e. an external contact such as an acquaintance) and that contact changed their SIP address but it was not updated in the associated Outlook contact, this issue will occur.
The resolution is simple enough – correct the email and IM address in the Outlook contact and sign out and back in to the Lync 2013 client.
This issue was more noticable in the Lync 2010 client because it showed the origin of the contact in Lync.& Notice the “Contacts” indicator below:
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仅自己可见Tiny presence, unknown impact for 3rd parties
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ST. PAUL, Minn. & Third-party candidates Gary Johnson and Virgil Goode are blips in the presidential race. They have little money, aren't on stage for presidential debates and barely register in the polls & when survey takers even bother to list them as options.
Yet in a tight race between Democratic President Barack Obama and Republican challenger Mitt Romney that likely will be won or lost at the margins, even blips can be a big deal.
Obama's campaign has quietly been tracking the two former Republican officeholders who could be pivotal in key states. Romney's campaign insists it's not worried, even though Republican allies have failed to keep them off state ballots.
Johnson is the Libertarian P Goode the Constitution Party candidate.
"At the end of the day this is a two-person race as we're factoring things in like vote goals, turnout," Romney political director Rich Beeson said. "We take it into account, but I can't say I stay up at night thinking about what Gary Johnson or Virgil Goode is going to do."
Johnson, the former New Mexico governor, has qualified for the ballot in 48 states. Goode, a conservative ex-congressman from Virginia, is on ballots in about 25 states. Their standing matters most in Colorado, Iowa, Nevada, New Hampshire, North Carolina and Virginia & states Obama captured four years ago and that Romney has worked feverishly to convert.
In 2008, more than 2 million voters chose someone other than Obama or Republican nominee John McCain. In all but a few states, the winner's margin was so decisive that a third-party bleed-off was hardly worth noting. Obama's electoral college rout made it even less consequential.
This year's race has shaped up to be tighter. It has hallmarks of 2000, when Green Party candidate Ralph Nader drew finger-pointing from the left as a difference-maker between Republican George W. Bush's victory and Democrat Al Gore's loss given the excruciatingly close Florida finish. Jill Stein, this year's Green Party nominee, is viewed as far less of a potential factor than the two right-of-center hopefuls, Goode and Johnson.
With fewer paths to a White House win than Obama, Romney especially can't afford to surrender votes in battleground states.
In Virginia, his biggest threat is Goode, who could bite into Romney's right flank with a campaign appealing to voters who want to stem legal immigration and crack down harder on those in the country illegally. A Baptist with a Southern drawl who held Virginia political office for more than three decades, Goode presents himself as "a real difference between Romney and Obama."
Elsewhere, Johnson is the one to watch, though he could pose difficulties for both major party contenders.
The handyman-turned-politician proudly brags of setting veto records to block spending during two terms as governor. Occasionally donning a peace-sign shirt under his blazer, Johnson has blitzed college campuses with a message aimed at the anti-war, pro-drug legalization crowd that Texas Rep. Ron Paul cultivated in his GOP presidential run. Paul took a respectable share of the vote in Colorado, Iowa, New Hampshire and Nevada.
Paul has yet to endorse anyone in the race and may not. He told Fox Business channel in an interview Wednesday that it was unlikely he'd publicly back Romney but wasn't ready to say who he would personally vote for. "I'm going to sit tight a little bit longer," Paul said.
Meanwhile, Romney has tried to heal fractures between Paul loyalists and the Republican old guard by deploying his former rival's son, Sen. Rand Paul of Kentucky, to campaign events.
New Hampshire state Sen. Andy Sanborn, an adviser to the elder Paul, said Johnson could score with voters at Romney's expense.
"That type of a libertarian candidate will always do well here. I'm hoping frankly that the race isn't close enough that Mr. Johnson will have a material impact in it," said Sanborn, who said he planned to vote for Romney.
Johnson considers himself a headache for both Obama and Romney.
"I'm more conservative than Romney on dollars and cents. I'm more liberal than Obama when it comes to social issues," he said in an interview with The Associated Press.
Johnson's support for gay marriage, eased immigration and a scaling back of government search powers authorized after the Sept. 11 terror attacks make him a wild card in some key states.
One is North Carolina, where Obama prevailed in 2008 by a slim 14,000 votes. Some 40,000 votes were cast for minor party candidates or write-ins, with Libertarian Party nominee Bob Barr getting most of them. Michael Munger, the party's nominee for North Carolina governor the same year, doubted Johnson would have as much of a one-sided effect as the conservative hard-liner Barr.
"I actually think there's sort of a gentleman's agreement about Gary Johnson that neither party brings him up because it takes votes from both sides. In 2008, the Democrats mentioned Bob Barr," Munger said. "They worked to remind people of the fact Bob Barr was in it and real conservatives might want to consider him."
In Colorado, Johnson has aligned himself with a ballot measure to legalize marijuana for recreational use.
Democratic strategist Rick Ridder, a Denver-based veteran of presidential campaigns, said some Democratic activists are supporting Johnson because of his stance on the referendum. But he thinks most voters passionate about making the drug legal to possess will send a message through the proposition itself and make other calculations on the presidential race.
Goode is also on Colorado's ballot. That's notable because two years ago former Colorado Rep. Tom Tancredo finished second in the race for governor under the American Constitution Party's banner.
Johnson, at least, has no problems being labeled a possible spoiler.
"A wasted vote is voting for someone you don't believe in," he said. "Vote for someone you believe in because that's how you change politics."
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HuffPost Lightbox订阅关于Greater Presence of the Unknown的评论:presentness
英 ['preznt]
美 ['preznt]
n.礼物；现在
adj.出席的；现在的；当前的；存在的
v.提出；赠送；呈现
第三人称单数:
present是什么意思，词典释义与在线翻译：
礼物，赠品
现在，目前
【语】现在时（态），动词的现在时形式
【律】本文件
（举枪）瞄准，（举枪）致敬
adj.(形容词)
出席的，在座的，在场的，存在的
现在的，目前的，正在处理（或考虑）中的
【语】现在时（态）的
即刻可用的，应急的，随时在手边的
即刻的，立即的
提出，提供，递交
上演，演出，表演，使扮演...角色
表示，致以（问候等）
赠送，授予，呈献
显示，呈现，表现，描述，显露
引见，介绍
以（武器等）瞄准
【宗】行使牧师推荐权
【律】控告，告发，检举
【医】露出，先露
adj.(形容词)
[P]出席的,到场的 being in the place in question announced
[A]现在的,目前的 existing or happening now
[P]存在的,含有的 being in a place, substance. etc.
[A]正在处理或讨论中的 now being considered, dealt with or discussed
[S]现在,目前
the present time
[C]礼物,赠品 thing given or received as a gift
vt. 出现; 出席; 显示 show
vt. 介绍 introduce
vt. 赠与; 交给 give or hand sth to sb
提示：各行业词典APP中含有本词条的独家正版内容，在手机上可看到更多释义内容。
presentness 在《外教社物理学英语词典》APP的缩略释义：
现在 ... &&
presentness 在《外教社外贸英语词典》APP的缩略释义：
提交 ... &&
presentness 在《金融术语英语词典 》APP的缩略释义：
提出 ... &&
presentness 在《外教社戏曲舞蹈英语词典》APP的缩略释义：
上演，演出 ... &&
the period of time t any continuous stretch of time including
"that is enough for the present"
"he lives in the present with no thought of tomorrow"
"his tie was a present from his wife"
a verb tense that expresses actions or states at the time of speaking
Adjective:
intermediate bet now existing or happening
"the present leader"
"articles for present use"
"the present topic"
"the present system"
"present observations"
being or existing
"the murderer is present in this room"
"present at the wedding"
"present at the creation"
give an exhibition of to an
"She shows her dogs frequently"
"We will demo the new software in Washington"
bring forward and
"We presented the arguments to him"
"We cannot represent this knowledge to our formal reason"
perform (a play), e
"we are going to stage `Othello'"
hand over formally
"This poses an interesting question"
give, especially a
"bestow honors and prizes at graduation"
"What will you give her for her birthday?"
deliver (a speech, oration, or idea);
"The commencement speaker presented a forceful speech that impressed the students"
cause to com
"permit me to acquaint you with my son"
"introduce the new neighbors to the community"
represent abstractly, for example in a painting, drawing,
"The father is portrayed as a good-looking man in this painting"
present somebody with something, usually to
"We confronted him with the evidence"
"He was faced with all the evidence and could no longer deny his actions"
"An enormous dilemma faces us"
formally present a debutante, a representative of a country, etc.
recognize with a gesture prescribed by a assume a
"When the officers show up, the soldiers have to salute"
present的用法和样例：
用作名词 (n.)
He bought me a valuable diamond ring as a birthday present.
他给我买了一只贵重的钻戒作生日礼物。
I wish to make you a present in token of my gratitude.
我想送你一件礼物，以表示对你的感谢之情。
Focusing on the future instead of the present can cripple any activity.
不注意现在只考虑将来就可能做不成任何事。
There's no certain cure for this illness at present.
现在这种病尚无确实可靠的疗法。
用作形容词 (adj.)
He insists on being present.
他一定要出席。
A number of local personalities were present at the meeting.
一些当地名人出席了会议。
According to our present ideas of physics, nothing can travel faster than light.
根据我们现在物理学的概念,没有什么东西能超过光速。
I am content to stay in my present job.
我对现在的工作心满意足。
My present finances preclude the possibility of buying a car.
按我目前的财务状况我是不可能买车的。
He suspected that a leak was present somewhere along the pipe.
他猜疑管道里什么地方漏了。
用作动词 (v.)
He presented quite a new view of the affair.
他对那件事提出了相当新的看法。
We should like to present some suggestions which would help settle the question.
我们愿提出一些建议，可能有助于解决这个问题。
The whole village presented a face placid.
整个村庄呈现出一片宁静。
The ships in the bay present a beautiful sight.
海湾内的船舶呈现一派美丽的景致。
用作形容词 (adj.)
The present situation is foreign to me.
我对目前的形势不熟悉。
It is well known that he is the master of the present situation.
众所周知,他是目前局势的控制者。
He judged the present situation badly.
他很糟糕地错估了当前形势。
This is the present situation of world affairs.
这是目前世界的形势。
The present wave of strikes stems from discontent among the lower-paid.
当前的罢工浪潮起因于低工资雇员的不满情绪。
What are the issues facing the workers at the present time?
当前工人们面临的问题是什么呢?
If certain factors limit present investment in industry, this is even more true for agriculture.
如果说某些因素限制了目前对工业的投资,那么对农业更是如此。
They established their present working methods by a process of trial and error.
他们经过反复试验确立了目前的操作方法。
I propose that a provisional national assembly be held to meet the present emergency.
为应付当前的紧急状况,我提议召开临时国民会议。
She was too angry at the present moment to listen to reason.
此刻她正在气头上,根本就听不进理智的劝告。
When is my pay going to be increased from its present rate?
什么时候我现在的工资才能增加呢?
The present contract can't ensure you a job.
现在这合同保证不了你有工作。
I'm feeling rather frustrated in my present I need a change.
我感到现在做得很不顺心,需要换一换工作。
Your present behaviour cancels out any past help you gave us.
你现在的行为抵消掉了过去你给我们的任何帮助。
We have all agreed that the present proposal is a good one.
我们都认为这个正在讨论的建议很好。
The present proposal will be accepted upon the following conditions.
这项正在讨论的提案将按下列条件予以采纳。
We hesitated to accept the present proposal.
我们对是否接受这一正在讨论的建议犹豫不决。
The men present were his supporters.
出席的人是他的支持者。
He answered all the questions with a readiness that startled everyone present.
他敏捷地回答了所有问题使在座的每个人为之震惊。
He read the story aloud for everybody present to hear.
他朗读这篇小说给在场的人听。
He was the only Englishman present.
他是在场的唯一的英国人。
What he said deeply affected the people present.
他说的话深深地感动了在场的人。
How many of the group are present today?
今天该组有多少人出席?
All the fashion of the town were present.
全城名流都到了。
S+be+～+ prep .-phrase
A good many people were present at the rally.
许多人参加了集会。
All were present at the meeting.
全都到会了。
Many of them were present at the conference.
他们中的许多人出席了这次会议。
How many people were present at the meeting?
多少人出席了会议?
They insisted that he should be present at the meeting.
他们坚持要他出席这次会议。
It so happened that he had to be present at a meeting.
他碰巧得去参加一个会议。
用作名词 (n.)
Writers of history books often attempt to integrate the past with the present.
写历史书的人总是力图把过去与现在联系起来。
The children were delighted with the presents.
孩子们得到礼物都很高兴。
The present to the boy is conditioned on his good marks.
那孩子得到礼物的条件是取得好成绩。
He accepted the present with hearty thanks.
他衷心感激地接受了这件礼物。
He gave me a handsome present.
他给我一份很好的礼物。
We clubbed together to buy her a present.
我们凑钱给她买了一件礼物。
We chose a Christmas present for her.
我们为她挑选了一件圣诞礼物。
We chose her a nice birthday present.
我们给她挑选了一件精致的生日礼物。
We lump all our money together to buy our teacher a present.
我们把所有的钱放在一起去给我们的老师买件礼物。
He got a splendid present for her.
他送她一件极好的礼物。
The children band together to buy a present for their teacher.
孩子们合起来为他们的老师买了件礼物。
Please accept the diamond ring as a present.
请把这枚钻戒作为一件礼物收下。
He refused to accept any present.
他不接受任何礼物。
Father's birthday present was hidden in the kitchen cupboard.
送给爸爸的生日礼物藏在厨房的碗橱里。
Jane let out where she had hidden her father's birthday present.
简无意中把藏着给父亲的生日礼物的地方说了出去。
用作动词 (v.)
用作及物动词
S+～+ n./pron.
The question naturally presented itself in my mind.
我的脑海中自然而然地出现了这个问题。
The question presented itself for our attention.
这问题引起了我们的注意。
A good opportunity has presented itself for doing what you suggested.
要是按你的建议办,现在有个好机会了。
She presents her idea very clearly.
她把自己的观点表达得十分清楚。
The book presents a faithful account of the event.
这本书忠实地描述了这一事件。
He presented himself for an examination.
他参加了考试。
He presented himself for a checkup at the hospital.
他在医院接受体检。
Miss Smith, may I present Mr. Brown?
史密斯小姐,让我把布朗先生引荐给你好吗?
用于be ～ed结构
The characters in the book are vividly presented.
这本书里的人物写得栩栩如生。
I was presented with a new dictionary.
别人给我送了本新词典。
用作双宾动词
S+～+ pron./n. + n./pron.
Michael presented the manager his application.
迈克尔向经理递交了一份申请报告。
S+～+ n./pron. +to pron./n.
You'd better present a bunch of flowers to her.
你最好送束花给她。
用于be ～ed 结构
A book list was presented to the dean.
送了一份书单给系主任。
用作形容词 (adj.)
on present form
基于某人先前的行为 based on sb's previous actions
He will never admit that he is lazy on present form.
基于先前的行为,他不会承认他懒惰。
the present day
当今 the present age
If the spirit of Caesar could be called up by some spell,I wonder what it would think of the present day.
如果凯撒的灵魂可以用符咒召回的话,我不知道它对当今世界会有什么看法。
用作名词 (n.)
at present
目前,现在 at this time
At present we must energetically encourage the practice of making investigations and studies.
目前,我们要大兴调查研究之风。
for the present
目前,现在; 暂时,暂且 at present
There is no need to fear for him for the present. He is going to get well.
暂且不必为他担忧,他很快就会好起来。
We will not talk about that for the present.
我们现在不谈这个。
He thought the matter might be left over for the present.
他认为这事眼下也许会缓一缓。
make a present of
She made a present of a book to me.
她给我一本书。
I make a present of a watch to him on his birthday.
我在他生日那天送给他一块手表。
用作动词 (v.)
present to (v.+prep.)
向…介绍… introduce to
present sb to sb
Allow me to present my former teacher to you.请允许我向你们介绍我以前的老师。
He presented the guests to each other.他介绍客人们互相认识。
用于 be ～ed 结构
The new employees were presented to the rest of the staff.新雇员被介绍给其余职员。
The ambassador was presented to the president.大使被总统召见。
He had the honour of being presented to the chairman in the office.他有幸在办公室被主席召见。
用作形容词 (adj.)
现在进行时
此际,当下,在目前情况下
本作者,笔者
当前的形势
出席(会议),是…的见证人
出现在…上
放在心上,记忆犹新
参加那个晚会
用作名词 (n.)
作为礼品接受
给某人带来礼物
给某人买礼品
交给某人礼品
互赠礼物,交换礼品
得到一件礼物
给某人礼品,给某人赠送礼物
赠送某人礼物
赠给某人一本书
给某人礼品
向某人赠送礼物
给某人送礼物
对礼物表示欢迎
历史上的现在
可接受的礼物
周年纪念礼物
好看的礼物
漂亮的礼品,很好的礼物
贵重的礼物
有趣的礼品
漂亮的礼品,使人喜欢的礼物
正式赠送的礼品
美好的礼品
实用的礼物
珍贵的礼物
宝贵的礼物
很好的礼品
到目前为止,至今
到目前为止,至今
给…的礼物
大学校方的礼品
用作动词 (v.)
忠实地描述了这一事件
表达某人的观点
充分地介绍
无目的地介绍
适当地介绍
厚颜无耻地交给
有条件地出席
自觉地介绍
真心诚意地介绍
三言两语地介绍
大方地介绍
谦恭地介绍
无精打采地出席
合适地介绍
必要地介绍
被动地出席
冷静地介绍
有理地介绍
不情愿地介绍
悄悄地介绍
给某人颁奖
把…赠送给某人
There is no past and future, only a sort of eternal present.
出自：U. Le Guin
The next part brought the story to the present.
出自：E. Leonard
Maybe he'd be saying he loved her, bringing her flowers, buying her presents.
出自：R. Ingalls
Jon was present at the next meeting.
出自：A. Davis
I had not wanted him to be present when I introduced Hal and Cora.
出自：C. McWilliam
An aunt in London..was going to present her at court.
出自：P. Mortimer
After completing high school, Emily was presented to Boston society.
出自：L. Gordon
present的详细讲解：
at present，for the present都属于固定搭配格式，不能修改成at the present，in present等其他格式。前者指“现在”，后者指“暂时”；
at present同presently意思不同，但前者常用于现在时，表示“目前”，后者则常用于将来时，表示“一会儿”；
present和gift的比较：present指“礼物”，但gift可以不是“礼物”。Birthday/Christmas gift中，gift属于礼物。在别人需要而将东西送给他时，如一本旧书或是把书捐给图书馆，都属于gift，但不算送“礼”；
表示“把…送给（某人)”的几种说法：
He presented a book to her.He presented her with a book.He made her a present of a book.
present作形容词时，常用于名词后，指“出席的”。
There are other people present.还有其他人出席。
adj.(形容词)
present作形容词表示“出席的,到场的”“存在的,含有的”时在句中主要用作表语,偶尔用作定语,一般须后置。表示“现在的,目前的,现行的”“正在处理或讨论中的”时只用作前置定语。
present无比较级和最高级。
present作“出席的”“在场的”解时用作后置定语,这是因为此时present表示的特征是“暂时的”,而不是“永久的”。类似的形容词还有absent, concerned, involved等。
present用作“现在,目前”解时,通常与定冠词the连用,只用作单数名词。
present作“礼物”解时,一般指亲友间互送的“礼物”或“赠品”,多是出于好意、礼貌或尊敬等而予以赠送,并不一定期望报答或回赠。是可数名词。
present的基本意思是“出现”,指人时多指“到场”“出席”,指物或事物时则指“显示”。多接反身代词作宾语。
present也可作“介绍”“引见”解,多用于涉及的人地位高低不等的场合。
present可作“赠送,给予”解,此时多接双宾语,其间接宾语可以转化为介词to的宾语。
adj.(形容词)
be present, attend
这两者均可译为“出席”。二者的区别是：attend强调的是过程, be present强调的是状态。例如:
I attended a meeting this morning.
今天上午我参加了一个会议。
He was present at the scene.
他当时在场。
at present, for the present
这两个短语常可互换使用,但含义并不完全相同。at present指说话的当时; 而for the present则指短时间之内。试比较：
He can't come at present.
他目前不能来。(只指目前)
He can't come for the present.
他暂时不能来。(过一会可能来)
present, gift
这两个词的共同意思是“礼物”。其区别是：
1.gift常指贵重的礼品,可以是具体的,也可以是抽象的东西; present则往往指一般的具体的礼物,价值可高可低。
2.赠送gift往往被看作慷慨的行为; 而赠送present则往往出于好心、礼貌、尊敬等。
3.gift多指送给团体、机构或个人的礼品,一般没有回赠; present则多指送给亲友的礼品,往往有回赠。例如:
The company makes a yearly gift to the Fund.这家公司一年一度向该基金会捐赠。
We bought a wedding present for John.我们给约翰买了一件结婚礼物。
4.gift是比较正式的用语; present则多用于非正式场合。
5.gift的主体的身份可高于客体,也可低于客体,而present的主体的身份一般都低于客体或与客体相当。
present, introduce
这两个词都有“介绍”的意思。其区别在于:
1.introduce的客体可以是人或物,而present的客体则只能是人。例如:
Let me introduce a new method of work to you.让我向你们介绍一种新的工作方法。
The new employees were presented to the rest of the staff.新雇员被介绍给其余职员。
2.introduce适用于涉及的人在地位上彼此平等的场合; present则适用于涉及的人地位高低不等的场合。例如:
He introduced the guests to each other.他介绍客人们互相认识。
Freshmen are presented to the president of the college.一年级学生被介绍给学院院长。
present, offer, prefer, proffer, tender
这组词都可表示“提出”。它们之间的区别是：
1.present特指通过礼仪形式或彬彬有礼的行为向对方提供考虑、选择或认可的服务、建议或物品。
2.offer是最基本、最常用的词,表示主动奉献某物或提出别人可能接受或拒绝的建议、意见、职务等。例如:
The teacher offered a few ideas to improve the plan.老师提出了几点改进计划的意见。
She offered to help me to learn English.她提出要帮我学英语。
3.proffer强调因慷慨所产生的自愿奉献行为,是较正式用语。例如:
Many people proffered blood and skin for the badly burnt worker.很多人要求为那个严重烧伤的工人献血献皮。
4.tender专指在公务上或法律上呈请正式批准,作一般用法时,强调温和有礼。例如:
She tendered him her resignation.她向他提交了辞呈。
5.prefer只用在19世纪的英语中或某些法律场合才表示“提出”。例如:
The police preferred a charge against the motorist.警方控告那个汽车司机。
Will the police prefer charges against the boys or just give them a warning?警方会控告那些男孩吗?还是只给他们一个警告?
present, award, confer, give, grant
这组词都有“给予”的意思。其区别是：
give是最普通用语。present较正式,指以一定的形式或程序赠给,并暗示所给的物有一定的价值。例如:
When Mr. Brown left the firm, the director presented a gold watch to him.布朗先生离开这家公司时,董事长送给他一只金表。
grant指依照对方的希望或要求给予,有权者以正式手续给予。例如:
They have been granted permission to pull down the old theatre.他们已获准拆除这座旧戏院。
award指有充分理由给予奖赏。例如:
She's been awarded a scholarship to study at Oxford University.她获得了去牛津大学念书的奖学金。
confer指地位较高者把名誉或地位授予较低者。例如:
An honorary degree was conferred on him by the university.这所大学授予他荣誉学位。
下面的句子意思不同：
He presented a pistol to me.
他送了我一支手枪。
He presented a pistol at me.
他拿手枪对着我。
下面的句子意思相同：
He presented me a book.
He presented a book to me.
He presented me with a book.
他送我一本书。
contemporary
up-to-date
这些形容词均有“现代的、当代的”之意。
:modern指现代或近代，时期可长可短；也可指新颖、时髦的。
:contemporary仅指当今这个时代，不涉及任何过去的时代，但可表示不同的人或物存在于同一时代。
:current指目前存在和发生的。
:recent表示新近的，最近的，时间的长短依据所修饰的人或物而定。
:present是这些词中语气最强的一个。指现在正发生、起作用的。
:up-to-date一般用于非正式场合，指很时新、能反映当前的最新发展。
这些动词均含“提出、提供”之意。
:offer最普通用词，多指主动提出或提供意见或东西等，但是否接受由对方自行决定。
:present既可指提出意见、建议等，又可指拿出某物供人欣赏或赠送。
:propose指直接而主动地提出问题或建议等，也指在讨论或争辨中提出具体意见或建议。
:volunteer与offer同义，侧重出于自愿，而不是奉命做某事。
adj.(形容词)
她昨天没有出席会议。
误 She was not present for the meeting yesterday.
正 She was not present at the meeting yesterday.
析 表示“出席会议”,应该说 be present at the meeting。
他是唯一在场的英国人。
误 He was the only present Englishman.
正 He was the only Englishman present.
析 形容词present作“在场”“出席”解时,如果修饰名词作定语,一般要放在名词之后。
现在中国的形势非常好。
误 The situation in the present China is very good.
正 The present situation in China is very good.
析 中国只有一个,不是“暂时的”事物,故不可说the present China。
目前我一本词典也没有。
误 I have not any dictionary at the present.
正 I have not any dictionary at present.
我们厂现在有2000名工人。
误 At present day there are two thousand workers in our factory.
正 At the present day there are two thousand workers in our factory.
析 表示“目前”,应该说at present,这是固定短语,其中present前没有定冠词。但当present后还有其他名词时, present前就须加定冠词,此时的present是形容词。
暂时我们最好什么也不做。
误 For present we had better do nothing.
正 For the present we had better do nothing.
析 说“暂时”,用for the present, present前必须有the。
这块表是我父母送我的生日礼物。
误 This watch is a birthday present of my parents.
正 This watch is a birthday present from my parents.
析 “ 由某人处收到的礼物”用a present from sb,其中的from不能换作of,因为of含有“所有权”的意味,误句应译为“这表是我父母的生日礼物”。
总统为获奖者颁奖。
误 The President presented the prize winners the prizes.
正 The President presented the prize winners with the prizes.
析 作“授予”解时不用于present sb sth 结构,须用present sb with sth 结构。
错句举例与错句分析
错句：go to the post o i will come at present.
纠正：go to the post o i will presently.
翻译：你到邮局那等会，我一会就来。
分析：表示“一会儿”，用presently，at present常用现在时，表“现在”。
☆ 1300年左右进入英语，直接源自古法语的present；最初源自拉丁语的prsentem，意为当前，迅速。
present的海词问答与网友补充：
present的相关资料：
presentness 在《外研社英语词典》APP的缩略释义：
出席的，在 ... &&
【同义词】
adj.(形容词)
【反义词】
adj.(形容词)
presentness的相关缩略词，共有2条
实际的资源为教育者寻求有效的新技术(美国特拉华州大学)
实际的资源为教育者寻求有效的新技术
presentness:present n. 赠品, 礼物, 现在, 瞄准adj. 现在的, 出席的, 当面的vt. 介绍, 引见, 给, 赠送, 上演, 提出, 呈现vi. 举枪瞄准 英英解释:名词present:1. t…
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